Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Volume I

Volume I
A – Anatomy
A – Ac Ad – Ak Al Am – An


  • Alabama, State, U.S.A.
  • Alabaster, mineral.
  • Alabaster, William, English writer.
  • Alacranes, islands, Gulf of Mexico.
  • Alagoas, province, Brazil.
  • Alain de Lille, theologian.
  • Alais, town, France.
  • Alajuela, town, Costa Rica.
  • Alamanni, Luigi, Italian poet.
  • Alamos, Los, town, Mexico.
  • Alamos de Barrientos, Balthazar, Spanish philologist.
  • Alan, William, cardinal.
  • Aland Islands, Gulf of Bothnia.
  • Alani, Eastern tribes.
  • Alarcon, Hernando de, Spanish navigator.
  • Alarcon y Mendoza, Juan Ruiz de, Spanish dramatist.
  • Alaric, king of the West Goths.
  • Alaric II., king of the Goths.
  • Alasco, John, Polish theologian.
  • Ala-Shehr, town, Asia Minor.
  • Alaska, Territory, U.S.A.
  • Alatri, town, Itay.
  • Alava, province, Spain.
  • Alava, Miguel Ricardo d’, Spanish general.
  • Alay, Turkish ceremony.
  • Alb, ecclesiastical vestment.
  • Alba, town, Italy.
  • Alba Longa, ancient town, Italy.
  • Albacete, province, Spain.
  • Alban, St, British martyr.
  • Albani, Francesco, Italian painter.
  • Albania, province, Turkey in Europe.
  • Albania, ancient country, Asia.
  • Albano, town and lake, Italy.
  • Albany, town New York, U.S.A.
  • Albany, Louisa of Stolberg, countess of.
  • Albategni, Arabian astronomer.
  • Albatross, bird.
  • Albay, town, Philippines.
  • Alberoni, Giulio, cardinal and Spanish minister.
  • Albert, dukes of Austria.
  • Albert the Bear, margrave of Brandenberg.
  • Albert, first duke of Prussia.
  • Albert, cardinal, elector of Mainz.
  • Albert, prince consort, of England.
  • Albert Nyanza, lake, Africa.
  • Alberti, Leon Battista, Italian architect.
  • Albertrandy, John Christian, Polish historian.
  • Albertus Magnus, scholastic philosopher.
  • Albi, town, France.
  • Albigenses, religious sect.
  • Albino, person abnormally white.
  • Albinus, Bernard Siegfried, anatomist.
  • Albinus, Flaccus (Alcuin, q.v.), learned ecclesiastic.
  • Alboin, king of the Lombards.
  • Albornoz, Spanish cardinal.
  • Albrechtsberger, Johann Georg, musician.
  • Albuera, village, Spain.
  • Albufera de Valencia, lagoon, Spain.
  • Album.
  • Albumazar, Arabian astronomer.
  • Albumen.
  • Albuquerque, town, Spain.
  • Albuquerque, Alphonso d’, Portuguese governor of India.
  • Alcæus, Greek poet.
  • Alcaics, in poetry.
  • Alcaide, Spanish officer.
  • Alcala de Guadaira, town, Spain.
  • Alcala de Henares, town, Spain.
  • Alcala la Real, town, Spain.
  • Alcalde, Spanish official.
  • Alcamenes, Greek sculptor.
  • Alcamo, town, Sicily.
  • Alcantara, town, Spain.
  • Alcantara, seaport, Brazil.
  • Alcantara, Knights of.
  • Alcaraz, town, Spain.
  • Alcavala, Spanish tax.
  • Alcazar de San Juan, town, Spain.
  • Alcazar Kebir, town, Morocco.
  • Alcester, town, England.
  • Alcestis, in Greek legend.
  • Alchemy.
  • Alciati, Andrea.
  • Alcibiades, Greek leader.
  • Alcinous, Greek philosopher.
  • Alcinous, of Greek mythology.
  • Alciphron, Greek letter-writer.
  • Alcira, town, Spain.
  • Alcman, Alexandrian critic.
  • Alcmene, mother of Hercules.
  • Alcock, John, English bishop.
  • Alcohol.
  • Alcoy, town, Spain.
  • Alcudia, Duke of, Spanish statesman.
  • Alcuin, early English ecclesiastic.
  • Alcyonius, Petrus, Italian classical scholar.
  • Aldan, river, Siberia.
  • Aldan Mountains, Siberia.
  • Aldborough, town, Suffolk, England.
  • Aldeburgh, town, England.
  • Aldegrever, Heinrich, German painter.
  • Alder, tree.
  • Alderman.
  • Alderney, Channel Islands, England.
  • Aldershott Camp, town and camp, England.
  • Aldhelm, St, early English writer.
  • Aldine Press ([[Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Manutius|See Manutius).
  • Aldini, Giovanni, Italian physicist.
  • Aldred, archbishop of York.
  • Aldrich, Dr Henry, English writer.
  • Aldrovandi, Ulisse, Italian naturalist.
  • Aldstone, town, England.
  • Ale.
  • Ale-Conner, assize officer.
  • Aleandro, Girolamo, cardinal.
  • Aleman, Louis, cardinal.
  • Alemanni, German tribe.
  • Alembic, for distillation.
  • Alemtejo, province, Portugal.
  • Alençon, town, France.
  • Alenio, Giulio, Jesuit missionary.
  • Aleppo, town, Syria.
  • Ales, Alexander, Scottish Reformer.
  • Alessandri, Alessandro, Italian jurisconsult.
  • Alessandria, province and town, Italy.
  • Alessi, Galeazzo, Italian architect.
  • Aleutian Islands.
  • Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia.
  • Alexander of Aphrodisias, Peripatetic philosopher.
  • Alexander of Hales, theologian and philosopher.
  • Alexander of Tralles, Byzantine physician.
  • Alexander Balas, king of Syria.
  • Alexander Jannæus, king of the Jews.
  • Alexander Severus (Severus, q.v.).
  • Alexander, popes.
  • Alexander I., king of Scotland.
  • Alexander II., of Scotland.
  • Alexander III., of Scotland.
  • Alexander I., czar of Russia.
  • Alexander Jaroslawitz Nevski, Saint.
  • Alexander, Archibald, American divine.
  • Alexander, Joseph Addison, American divine.
  • Alexander, Sir William, earl of Stirling, Scottish poet.
  • Alexandretta (See Scanderoon), town, Asia Minor.
  • Alexandria, town, Egypt.
  • Alexandria, town, Scotland.
  • Alexandria, town, Virginia, U.S.A.
  • Alexandrian Manuscript.
  • Alexandrian School.
  • Alexandrine Verse.
  • Alexis, Greek poet.
  • Alexius I., Comnenus, Byzantine emperor.
  • Alfani, Domenico, Italian painter.
  • Al-Farabi, Arabian philosopher.
  • Alfieri, Vittorio, Italian poet.
  • Alford, Henry, dean of Canterbury.
  • Alfred the Great, English king.
  • Algæ, order of plants.
  • Algardi, Alessandro, Italian author.
  • Algarotti, Francesco, Italian author.
  • Algarve, province, Portugal.
  • Algau, district, Bavaria.
  • Al-Gazali, Arabian philosopher.
  • Algebra.
    • History.
    • Notation and First Principles.
    • Fundamental Operations.
    • Involution and Evolution.
    • Surds.
    • Proportion and Progression.
    • Resolution of Equations involving one Unknown Quatity.
    • Resolution of Equations involving more than one Unknown Quantity.
    • Questions producing Simple Equations.
    • Solution of Quadratic Equations.
    • Equations in general.
    • Solution of Cubic Equations.
    • Solution of Biquadratic Equations.
    • Solution of Equations in which certain relations are known to exist amongst the Roots.
    • Solution of Equations by Approximation.
    • Indeterminate Problems.
    • Theorems of Expansion.
    • Continued Fractions.
    • Permutations, Combinations, and Probabilities.
    • On Series in General; their Summation and Convergence.
  • Algeciras, town, Spain.
  • Alger of Liége, French author.
  • Algeria, country, Africa.
  • Alghero, town, Sardinia.
  • Algiers, town, Algeria.
  • Algoa Bay, Cape Colony.
  • Alhama, town, Granada, Spain.
  • Alhama, town, Murcia, Spain.
  • Alhambra, palace, Granada, Spain.
  • Alhazen, Arabian mathematician.
  • Ali, caliph.
  • Ali Bey, sultan of Egypt.
  • Ali Pasha, ruler of Albania.
  • Alias, in law.
  • Alibi, in law.
  • Alicante, province and town, Spain.
  • Alicata, town, Sicily.
  • Alicudi (See Lipari Islands), Mediterranean.
  • Alien, in law.
  • Aligarh, district, British India.
  • Aliment, in Scots law.
  • Alimony, in English law.
  • Alison, Archibald, Scottish divine.
  • Alison, Sir Archibald, historian.
  • Alizarin, colouring matter.
  • Alkali, in chemistry.
  • Alkaloids, in chemistry.
  • Alkanet, plant.
  • Al-Kindi, Arabian philosopher.
  • Alkmaar, town, Netherlands.
  • Alkmaar, Heinrik von, German satirist.
  • All-Saints Day.
  • Allah, Arabian name of God.
  • Allahabad, division, district, and town, British India.
  • Allamand, Jean Nicolas Sebastian, natural philosopher.
  • Allan, David, Scottish painter.
  • Allan, Sir William, Scottish painter.
  • Alleghany Mountains, U.S.A.
  • Alleghany, river, U.S.A.
  • Allegheny, town, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
  • Allegiance, in law.
  • Allegory.
  • Allegri, Antonio (Corregio, q.v.), painter.
  • Allegri, Gregorio, Italian musician.
  • Alleine, Joseph, English divine.
  • Alleine, Richard, English divine.
  • Allen, Bog of, Ireland.
  • Allen, John, political writer.
  • Allen, Thomas, English mathematician.
  • Allentown, town, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
  • Allestry, Richard, English Royalist.
  • Alleyn, Edward, founder of Dulwich College, London.
  • Alliance.
  • Allier, department and river, France.
  • Alligator, reptile.
  • Alliteration.
  • Allix, Pierre, French divine.
  • Alloa, town, Scotland.
  • Allodium, in land tenure.
  • Allori, Alessandro, Italian painter.
  • Allori, Cristofano, Italian painter.
  • Allotropy, in chemistry.
  • Alloxan, in chemistry.
  • Alloy, in assaying.
  • Allston, Washington, American painter and poet.
  • Alluvium, land made up of sediment.
  • Alma, river, Russia.
  • Almaden, town, Spain.
  • Almagest, Ptolemy’s astronomical work.
  • Almagro, town, Spain.
  • Almagro, Diego d’, Spanish commander.
  • Almali, town, Asiatic Turkey.
  • Al-Mamun, caliph.
  • Almanac.
  • Almansa, town, Spain.
  • Alme, singing girls of Egypt.
  • Almeida, town, Portugal.
  • Almeida, Francisco de, viceroy of Portuguese India.
  • Almeria, province and town, Spain.
  • Almohades, Mohammedan dynasty.
  • Almon, John, political writer and publisher.
  • Almond, tree and fruit.
  • Almondbury, town, England.
  • Almoner, ecclesiastical office.
  • Almora, town, India.
  • Almoravides, Mohammedan dynasty.
  • Almqvist, Karl Jonas Ludwig, Swedish writer.
  • Almug Tree, of Scripture.
  • Almunecar, town, Spain.
  • Alnwick, town, England.
  • Aloe, plant.
  • Aloidæ, in Greek legend.
  • Alompra, Burmese king.
  • Alost, town, Belgium.
  • Alpaca, wool-bearing animal.
  • Alp Arslan, Seljuk sultan.
  • Alpes, three departments (Basses, Hautes, Maritimes), France.
  • Alpha and Omega.
  • Alphabet.
  • Alpheus, father of the apostle James.
  • Alphonso, kings in the Spanish peninsula.
  • Alphonsus a Sancta Maria, Spanish historian.
  • Alpini, Prospero, Italian physician and botanist.
  • Alps.
  • Alpujarras, district, Spain.
  • Alredus, early English historian.
  • Alresford, New, town, England.
  • Alsace, province, Germany.
  • Alsen, island, Schleswig-Holstein.
  • Alsop, Vincent, Puritan divine.
  • Alsted, Johann Heinkich, German author.
  • Alston, Charles, Scottish botanist.
  • Alstroemer, Jonas, Swedish industrial reformer.
  • Alt, river, Transylvania.
  • Altai Mountains, Siberia.
  • Altamura, town, Italy.
  • Altar.
  • Altdorf, town, Switzerland.
  • Altdorfer, Albrecht, German painter.
  • Altenburg.
  • Alten Oetting, town, Bavaria.
  • Altenstein, castle, Saxe-Meiningen, Germany.
  • Altin, lake, Siberia.
  • Alting, Heinrich, German theologian.
  • Alting, Jacob, German theologian.
  • Alton, town, England.
  • Alton, town, Illinois, U.S.A.
  • Altona, town, Schleswig-Holstein.
  • Altoona, town, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
  • Alto-Rilievo, in sculpture.
  • Altringham, town, England.
  • Alum, chemical salt.
  • Alumbagh, enclosure, Lucknow.
  • Aluminium, chemical element.
  • Aluta (Alt, q.v.), an affluent of the Danube.
  • Alva, village, Scotland.
  • Alva, Duke of, Spanish general.
  • Alvarado, Pedro de, Spanish discoverer.
  • Alvarez, Francisco, Portuguese traveller.
  • Alvarez, José, Spanish sculptor.
  • Alvarez, Manuel, Spanish sculptor.
  • Alwar, state, India.
  • Alypius, Greek writer on music.
  • Alypius of Antioch, geographer.
  • Alyth, town, Scotland.
  • Amadeus V., of Savoy.
  • Amadeus VIII., duke of Savoy.
  • Amadis of Gaul, Spanish romance.
  • Amadou, fungus.
  • Amager, island, Denmark.
  • Amalasontha, daughter of Theodoric.
  • Amalekites, of Scripture.
  • Amalfi, town, Italy.
  • Amalgam, mercurial alloy.
  • Amalia, Anna, duchess of Saxe-Weimar.
  • Amalric, king of Jerusalem.
  • Amalteo, Italian family.
  • Amalteo, Pomponio, Venetian painter.
  • Amara Sinha, Sanskrit writer.
  • Amaranth.
  • Amarapura, town, Burma.
  • Amasia, town, Turkey in Asia.
  • Amasis, king of Egypt.
  • Amat, Felix, Spanish historian.
  • Amati, family of violin makers.
  • Amatitlan, lake and town, Guatemala.
  • Amaurosis, disease of the eye.
  • Amaxichi, town, Ionian Islands.
  • Amazon, river, South America.
  • Amazons, female warriors.
  • Ambala, division, district, and town, British India.
  • Ambarvalia, Roman festival.
  • Ambassador.
  • Ambato, town, Ecuador.
  • Amber.
  • Amberg, town, Bavaria.
  • Ambergris, concretion in sperm whale.
  • Ambert, town, France.
  • Ambleside, town, England.
  • Ambleteuse, town, France.
  • Ambo, reading desk.
  • Amboise, town, France.
  • Amboyna, island and town, Moluccas.
  • Ambracia, ancient town, Epirus.
  • Ambrose of Alexandria.
  • Ambrose, St, bishop of Milan.
  • Ambrose, Isaac, Puritan divine.
  • Ambrosius, Aurelianus, leader of the Britons.
  • Ambulance.
  • Amelot de la Houssaye, Abraham N., French writer.
  • Amelotte, Denis, French writer.
  • Amentiferæ, division of plants.
  • America.
  • American Literature.
    • Introductory.
    • Conditions and Characteristics of American Literature.
    • Earlier American Literature.
    • The Literature of the Nineteenth Century.
    • Summary.
  • Amerigo Vespucci (See Vespucci).
  • Amersfoort, town, Holland.
  • Amersham, town, England.
  • Ames, Fisher, American statesman and author.
  • Ames, Joseph, English writer.
  • Ames, William, Puritan divine and moralist.
  • Amesbury, town, England.
  • Amethyst, precious stone.
  • Amherst, district and town, British Burmah.
  • Amherst, town, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
  • Amherst, Earl.
  • Amhurst, Nicholas, English writer.
  • Amianthus, mineral.
  • Amici, Giovanni Battista, Italian optician.
  • Amiens, town, France.
  • Amiot, Joseph, Jesuit missionary.
  • Amlwch, town, Wales.
  • Amman, Johann Conrad, Swiss physician.
  • Amman, Jost, Swiss wood-engraver.
  • Amman, Paul, German physician and botanist.
  • Ammanati, Bartolomeo, Florentine architect.
  • Ammianus, Marcellinus, Roman historian.
  • Ammirato, Scipio, Italian historian.
  • Ammon, Egyptian divinity.
  • Ammon, Christoph Friedrich von, German theologian.
  • Ammonia, in chemistry.
  • Ammoniac, Sal, chemical salt.
  • Ammoniacum, resinous exudation.
  • Ammonites, of Scripture.
  • Ammonius Lithotomus, surgeon of Alexandria.
  • Ammonius Saccas, founder of Alexandrian school of Neoplatonism.
  • Ammunition.
  • Amnesty.
  • Amol, town, Persia.
  • Amontons, Guillaume, French physicist.
  • Amoor, Amour, or Amur, river, Eastern Asia.
  • Amorites, of Scripture.
  • Amorphism, in chemistry and mineralogy.
  • Amoy, town, China.
  • Ampère, André-Marie, French scientist.
  • Ampère, Jean-Jacques-Antoine, French writer.
  • Amphiaraus, in Greek mythology.
  • Amphibia, class of vertibrate animals.
  • Amphictyony, Greek religious confederation.
  • Amphion, in Greek mythology.
  • Amphioxus, genus of fishes.
  • Amphipolis, town, Macedonia.
  • Amphisbæna, genus of lizards.
  • Amphitheatre.
  • Amphitrite, in Greek legend.
  • Amphora, ancient vessel.
  • Amplitude, in astronomy.
  • Ampthill, town, England.
  • Ampulla, ancient vessel.
  • Amraoti, district and town, India.
  • Amritsar, district and town, India.
  • Amru-Ibn-El-Ass, Moslem conqueror of Egypt.
  • Amru-El-Kais, Arabian poet.
  • Amsancti Vallis, Italy.
  • Amsdorf, Nicolaus, Reformer.
  • Amsler, Samuel, engraver.
  • Amsterdam, capital of Holland.
  • Amsterdam, island, Indian Ocean.
  • Amulet, charm.
  • Amurath I., Turkish sultan.
  • Amurath II., sultan.
  • Amurath III., sultan.
  • Amurath IV., sultan.
  • Amwell, village, England.
  • Amymone, in Greek legend.
  • Amyot, Jacques, French bishop and writer.
  • Amyraut, Moses, French theologian.
  • Ana.
  • Anabaptists, religious sect.
  • Anabasis, Xenophon’s work.
  • Anacharsis, Scythian philosopher.
  • Anachronism.
  • Anacoluthon, grammatical incongruity.
  • Anaconda, snake.
  • Anacreon, Greek poet.
  • Anadyomene, epithet of Aphrodite.
  • Anadyr, gulf and river, Siberia.
  • Anæsthesia, in medicine.
  • Anagni, town, Italy.
  • Anagram, transposition of letters.
  • Anahuac, plateau, Mexico.
  • Analogy, logical process.
  • Analogy, in comparative anatomy.
  • Analysis.
  • Analytic Judgments.
  • Anam, kingdom, Cochin China.
  • Anastasius I., emperor of Constantinople.
  • Anastasius II., emperor of Constantinople.
  • Anathema.
  • Anatolia, division, Asiatic Turkey.
  • Anatomy.
    • History of Anatomy.
    • Special Anatomy of the Human Body.
    • Anatomy of the Organs of Locomotion.
    • Anatomy of the Textures or Tissues.
    • Nervous System.
    • Vascular System.
    • contents.