Ukraine's Peace Formula Philosophy

1. Radiation and nuclear safety^[1]

Any use of nuclear energy, installations, devices and facilities shall be safe, well-regulated, duly controlled and environmentally sound. Accidents at nuclear installations have the potential of transboundary impacts. War against Ukraine put the radiation and nuclear safety in the world under big threat. Bombing and shelling of the Ukrainian nuclear infrastructure may have grave humanitarian consequences.

Ukrainian nuclear power plants and installations must operate safely under full sovereign control of Ukraine. Russian troops shall be withdrawn from the territory of the Zaporizhzhia NPP, and its territory shall be completely demilitarized.

Any forms of nuclear blackmail must be stopped. Russia shall refrain from all forms of nuclear threats, clearly commit not to use nuclear weapons and not to jeopardize safety of nuclear objects.

IAEA shall play a leading role in maintaining nuclear safety and security and to implement safeguards in civilian nuclear facilities.

2. Food security^[2]

War against Ukraine has negative impact on increased food insecurity globally. Ukraine is one of the world’s most important areas for grain and agricultural exports. Millions of people are facing famine or the immediate risk of famine or are experiencing severe food insecurity in several regions of the world due to the war.

Matter of food security shall be de-weaponized. Any actions that negatively affect production and supply of food create global risks.

It is necessary to ensure free, full and safe navigation in the Black and Azov Seas, restore sovereign control of Ukraine over Ukrainian ports, establish new ports and expand assortment of Ukrainian goods transported by sea.

​Black Sea Grain Initiative, as well as Ukraine’s humanitarian initiative “Grain from Ukraine” shall be further successfully, continuously and safely implemented, and extended to other Ukrainian ports without time limitations. “EU Solidarity Lanes” initiative shall be further implemented to export Ukrainian agricultural goods and import the goods Ukraine needs.

3. Energy security^[3]

Energy objects are critical infrastructure in any country. Constant energy terror is committed against Ukraine by intentionally destroying energy infrastructure, including power plants, high-voltage equipment, generators, transformer substations etc. Attacks on energy facilities especially in the winter period, and the use of cold as a weapon have turned into a regional and international threat, negatively affecting the world price situation for basic energy resources and electricity.

Destruction of critical civilian infrastructure in unacceptable. There shall be no attacks targeting Ukrainian civilian and energy infrastructure. Ukrainian energy infrastructure shall be duly secured to protect the civilian population and critical infrastructure facilities. All efforts shall be applied to make it impossible for Russia to attack critical infrastructure objects of Ukraine, including using cruise or ballistic missiles and UAVs.

Constant protection and international monitoring of safety of Ukraine’s energy facilities shall be established and ensured. Ukraine's energy infrastructure shall be restored by provision of appropriate assistance (high-voltage equipment, generators, transformer substations, floating power plants). Further reconstruction of the energy system of Ukraine shall be maintained.

4. Release of prisoners and deported persons^[4]

Minimizing the suffering of prisoners and deportees is an unconditional priority of international law and should be the focus of attention of international institutions and national authorities. Thousands of Ukrainian captives, including civilliansare forcibly detained by Russia in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine and in Russia.

​All of Ukrainian captives, including civilians, who are held in Russia and in the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine, including Crimea must be released by complete exchange of prisoners of war, the release of all unlawfully detained persons and the return of all internees and of civilians forcibly transferred and deported, including children.

Meanwhile the rights of Ukrainian prisoners of war and civilians held by Russia shall be ensured in accordance with the provisions of the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War of 12 August 1949 and Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 1949, 3.

5. Restoration of Ukraine’s territorial integrity^[5]

One of the most fundamental principles of the international law is settling international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered. All countries shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state.

No territorial acquisition resulting from the threat or use of force shall be recognized as legal^[6].

The sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders, extending to its territorial waters, must be respected, in line with the UN Charter and principles of the international law. Commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of Ukraine has been repeatedly reaffirmed by the UN General Assembly.

The territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine must be restored with respect to its entire territory within the internationally recognized borders, as of the declaration of independence of Ukraine in 1991, which includes all parts of the territory of Ukraine temporarily occupied by the Russian Federation with no exceptions.

As emphasized in the UN General Assembly in the resolution «Territorial integrity of Ukraine» of 27.03.2014 No. 68/262, adopted with regard to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, all States were called to desist and refrain from actions aimed at the partial or total disruption of the national ​unity and territorial integrity of Ukraine, including any attempts to modify Ukraine’s borders through the threat or use of force or other unlawful means.

The UN General Assembly condemned the annexation of the territories of Ukraine, in particular its Donetsk, Zaporizhzhia, Luhansk and Kherson regions, by organizing illegal so-called «referendums» to justify such annexation. States, international organizations, UN structures should not recognize any alteration of the status of the regions of Ukraine by the Russian Federation. The subsequent attempted illegal annexation of these regions, have no validity under international law and do not form the basis for any alteration of the status of these regions of Ukraine. This is stated in the resolution of the UN General Assembly of 12.10.2022 ES-11/4 «Territorial integrity of Ukraine: defending the principles of the Charter of the United Nations».

Restoring the world order and ensuring respect for the UN Charter is only possible by restoring the territorial integrity of the state of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders. The international community must ensure that Russia respects and implements the UN Charter, particularly Article 2. This is the key to restoring respect for the UN Charter and fulfilling its goals and principles.

6. Withdrawal of Russian troops and cessation of hostilities^[7]

Any war of aggression, occupation and attempts of annexation constitute the gravest threats to peace, global security, and the international law. The UN Member States have the inherent right of individual or collective self-defense if an armed attack occurs against it. They also shall fulfill in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the UN Charter, such as taking effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace.

International support for restoration of the territorial integrity and peace in Ukraine goes in line with the UN Charter and has the global impact as an example of uniting efforts to defend the world order, based on principle of peaceful coexistence.

The sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of UN Member States can be effectively upheld only when no foreign troops are illegally deployed on their territory, and the respective Member States have full control over their internationally recognized borders. There is no possibility to restore Ukraine’s sovereignty and territorial integrity until Russia’s troops remain on its territory.

​The Russian Federation shall immediately, completely, and unconditionally withdraw all of its military forces from the territory of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders and cease the hostilities.

7. Restoration of justice^[8]

Accountability shall be ensured for the most serious crimes under international law committed on the territory of Ukraine through appropriate, fair and independent investigations and prosecutions at the national or international level. Justice shall be ensured for all victims and the prevention of future crimes.

Russian Federation must be held to account for any violations of international law in or against Ukraine, including its aggression in violation of the Charter of the United Nations, as well as any violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law, and that it must bear the legal consequences of all of its internationally wrongful acts, including making reparation for the injury, including any damage, caused by such acts^[9].

National and international efforts to collect evidence, including by the International Criminal Court, must be pursued and strengthened. Compensation mechanism for the damages caused should be set up through a multilateral international instrument.

8. Ecological safety^[10]

War against Ukraine caused large-scale environmental damage resulted in unprecedented pollution, disruption of ecosystems and physical destruction of biological species both on the territory of Ukraine and on the scale of the entire region and the world. Destruction of the environment is prohibited in the international law.

International community shall support Ukraine in the following key directions to ensure environmental security and to counter the environmental consequences of the war:

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9. Preventing escalation and repetition of aggression^[11]

Independent, sovereign, democratic and strong Ukraine and its security are vital for the stability of world. The war against Ukraine has far-reaching consequences both for the region and the world. The nuclear, food, environmental safety as well as crucial whole world stable economic relations are dependent on Ukraine's security.

The risk of an escalation of aggression against Ukraine will remain until its security is guaranteed by a legally binding international law, strengthened by reliable own defense capabilities and integrated into the new architecture of international security. Therefore, in order to prevent the escalation of the war or the repetition of aggression, clear, positive, mandatory obligations and security commitments and arrangements should be provided to Ukraine.

Commitments regarding the security of Ukraine should include measures to prevent new aggression against Ukraine, measures in case of a new aggression, implementation of sanction mechanisms against the aggressor state, regional security components (for example, regarding the safety of shipping in the Black and Azov Seas). These commitments provided by the guarantor countries should ensure its right to self-defense, as stipulated by one of the key principles of the UN Charter and international law and in line with them.

​10. Confirmation of the end of the war

Achieving a truly comprehensive, just and lasting peace is possible only if the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Ukraine is restored within its internationally recognized borders and the international legal formalization of the end of the war.

This step envisages the establishment of a clear framework for ending the war, providing security commitments and arrangements, setting conditions for post-war settlement, agreeing on modalities for financing the reconstruction of Ukraine as well as developing mechanisms for preventing the repetition of aggression against Ukraine and any other state in the future, small or big.

The confirmation of the end of the war would be a clear signal that no potential aggressor, regardless of the continent, size, population or military strength will be able to impose its will on another state by force. It is necessary to create new mechanisms that would effectively ensure compliance with the principles and norms of international law based on multilateralism and equitable representation.

The end of the war would be confirmed at a peace conference to be held with participation of the widest possible range of states, taking part in the implementation of the Peace Formula and making with this contribution to the achievement of the comprehensive, just and lasting peace in Ukraine.

A comprehensive legally binding international agreement is to be signed by the parties with the participation of guarantor states.