Translation:Shulchan Aruch/Orach Chaim/298

1 One recites the blessing "...Who Creates the lights of the fire" over the candle if one has one. And one does not need to seek one out. And this applies to the end of Shabbat. But at the end of Yom Kippur there are those who say that one seeks one out. Gloss: One who has no cup to recite Havdalah, when he sees the light, he recites the blessing on it; and likewise, the spices (Tur).

2 The optimum manner of fulfilling the mitzvah is to recite the blessing over a torch. And there is one who says that if one does not have a torch, one needs to light another candle for the purpose of Havdalah, separate from the candle which is designated to light the house.

Gloss: And a candle which has two wicks is called a torch. (Agudah).
​3 It is the custom to look at the palms of the hands and at the fingernails.

Gloss: And one should look at the nails of the right hand and grasp the cup in the left hand. And one should bend the fingers into the hand, for then one sees the nails with the palms at the same time. And one should not see the inside of the fingers (Zohar, Portion of B'resheet and in Portion of VaYakhel).

4 A blessing is not recited over the candle until they will derive benefit from its light, meaning that it should be close enough to him that he should be able to differentiate between the coin of this country and the coin of another country.

5 A blessing is not recited over a candle that did not rest from work associated with a transgression; to ‎the exclusion ‎of a light that was lit for a woman after childbirth and for one who is ill, for since it was not lit with a transgression, a blessing is recited over it. But if a heathen kindled it on Sabbath, since if a Jew would have kindled it, he would have transgressed, it is considered that it did not rest from an activity involving a transgression. And we do not recite a blessing over light of idolatry (Tur).

6 A heathen who lit on Motzei Shabbat from a Jew, or a Jew from a heathen, we recite a blessing over it. However, a heathen who lit ​from a heathen – we do not recite a blessing over it. And on Motzei Yom Kippur, we do not recite a blessing over a candle that a Jew lit from a heathen. (And see below, Siman 624, Seif 5).

7 One was walking outside a large city and saw a flame – if most of them are heathens, a blessing is not recited over it. And if their majority is Jewish, or even half and half, a blessing is recited over it.

8 A flame that is produced from the wood and the stones – a blessing is recited on it. However, on Motzei Yom Kippur, a blessing is recited on it.

9 Coals that are flaming to the extent that if one puts a sliver of wood between them, it catches fire – a blessing is recited over them. And that is as long as they are made to provide light.

10 The light of a furnace in the initial stage of the process of firing the bricks – a blessing is not recited over it because then it is not made to provide light. And after they have been fired, it is then made to illuminate – a blessing is recited over it.

11 The lamp of a synagogue – if an important person is present there, a blessing is recited over it. And if not, a blessing is not recited over it. And some say the opposite. And if there is a shamash that eats there, a blessing is recited over it. And that is providing that the moon should not shine there.

12 A blessing is not recited on a lamp of the dead, for it is not made to provide light. Thus, a dead person before which they would have been carrying a lamp if they would have been taking him out during the day, and they took him out during the night with a lamp, a blessing is not recited on it.

13 A blind person does not recite the blessing.

14 They were lingering in the study hall and they brought a flame to them – one recites the blessing for them all.

15 A lamp in one's bosom or in a lantern [meaning: a vessel in which one puts the candle so it should not extinguish] or in a window glass – one sees the flame and is not using its light; uses its light and does not see the flame – a blessing is not recited over it until he will see the flame and use its light.