Translation:Shulchan Aruch/Orach Chaim/286

1 The time of the musaf prayer is immediately after the prayer of shacharit and one should not delay it past the end of seven hours. And if one prayed it after seven hours, he is called a sinner. And nevertheless, he fulfilled his obligation since its time is all day. And if one forgot and did not pray until its entire time passed, it does not have another one to make up for it. And it has the raising of the hands. Gloss: And if one prayed it before the shacharit prayer, he fulfilled the obligation. (Ohel Moed in the name of the Rashba; Rabbi Yonah, Perek Tefilat HaShachar).

2 Every individual is obligated to pray the musaf prayer, regardless of whether there is a congregation in the city or not. Gloss: [And afterwards, the sh'liach tzibbur repeats the prayer similar to the rest of the prayers]. [Beit Yosef in the name of Shibolei Leket].

3 It is permitted to partake before the musaf service, such as eating fruits, or even a little bread, even a partaking that's to the extent that one sates his heart. But a meal is forbidden.

4 A person had the option of reciting two prayers: the afternoon service and the musaf service, e.g., that he delayed the recitation of the musaf service until six hours [and a half – Tur], which is the time of the afternoon service – he needs to recite the afternoon service first and musaf afterwards. Gloss: And nonetheless, if one recited musaf first, he has fulfilled the obligation. [Beis Yosef in the name of the Rashba]. And there are those who say that this is specifically if he needs to pray both of them now, like in a situation where he wants to eat and it is forbidden for him to eat until he will recite the minchah prayer. But if he does not need to recite the minchah prayer now, he could recite musaf first. Gloss: And nonetheless, if the time of minchah ketanah arrived, he should recite the minchah prayer first. (Rabbi Yonah and the Rosh in the name of Yerushalmi). And there are those who instructed that this should not be done in a congregation, i.e. to recite the minchah prayer before the musaf prayer, in order that they should not err.

5 On Shabbat and yom tov, "Barchu" is not said after the last Kaddish (and see above; Siman 133).