The Tribes of Burma/Bibliographical notes/Was

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THE WAS.

References :
DAVIES = "Yunnan: The Link between India and the Yangtze." H.R. Davies, Cambridge, 1909.

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Serial
No.		 Head. Brief description. Authority. Page.
1 2 3 4 5
1 Present habitat. East of Shan States near Chinese border. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I.
Davies ...		 495 
373 
2 Political and social divisions. Was proper (tame and wild). Tailoi, En, Hsen Hsum, etc. Five clans of tame Was. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 513 
3 Allied tribes Palaungs, Riangs, Kamus. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 495 
4 Language and and dialects. Wa language placed in Wa-Palaung group of Mon-Annam subfamily of Indo-Chinese language family.[1]
Vocabularies. ... 		Burma Census Report, 1901, Part I.
 
Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol I, Part I.		 89, 94 
 
626-645 
5 Religion Here and there nominally Buddhists, but the great bulk spirit worshippers. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 512 
6 Magic and witchcraft. Head hunting ; divination by chicken bones; forked sticks; record of sacrifices. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 498, 505,
515 
7 Totems and tribal marks. No real traces of totemism discovered. Burma Census Report, 1901, Part I. 133 
8 Marriage customs and ceremonies. Marriage by purchase. Price (buffalo, dog or fowl) varying with attractions of bride. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 511 
9 Marital relations. Polygamy permissible, but not much practised. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 511 
10 Death and burial ceremonies. Dead buried at foot of steps leading up to the house or by road side near village ; personal ornaments buried! with corpse. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. !, Part I. 514 
11 Clothing ... In some cases only small waist-cloth or petticoat. Elsewhere women wear dark blue jackets and striped petticoats, sometimes white jacket and petticoat. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I.
Davies ... ...
A. R. Colquhoun, Amongst the Shans, London, 1885.		 510 
87, 374 
61 
12 Personal ornaments. Necklaces, bangles, ear-tubes, chicken bone ear ornaments, etc. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 513 
13 Painting and tattooing. Tattooing not common but is found here and there. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 514 
14 Games and amusements. Dances ... ... Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 516 
15 Agriculture ... Opium, buck-wheat, rice, etc. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 509 
16 Habitations ... Houses of timber and wattles, substantially built. Entrance to some villages through tunnel. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. 1, Part I.
Davies ... ...		 504, 505 
374 
17 Government ... No Central Government. Village communities, governed by headmen. Here and there a federation of villages under a chief. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 508 
18 Crimes ... Head hunting ... Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I.
Davies ... ...
A. R. Colquhoun, Amongst the Shans, London, 1885.		 498 
88 
61 
19 Character ... Apart from head hunting propensities on the whole estimable. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 516 
20 Trade ... Gold given in exchange for cattle. Opium for salt Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I.
A. R. Colquhoun, Amongst the Shans, London, 1885. 		504 
62 
21 Arts, e.g., pottery, weaving, dyeing. Clothes woven by village women. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 513 
22 Food ... Dogs, rice—spirit, etc. Upper Burma Gazetteer, Vol. I, Part I. 506 
  1. ↑ Now shown (vide Imperial Gazetteer of India, Volume I, page 390) as belonging to the Mon Khmer family.
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