Philadelphia (Repplier)

For works with similar titles, see Philadelphia.

Philadelphia

Wm Penn

Philadelphia

The Place
and
the People

By
Agnes Repplier
Author of "Essays in Idleness," "Points
of View," "Varia," etc., etc.

With illustrations by Ernest C. Peixotto

New York
The Macmillan Company
London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd.
1898

Copyright, 1898,
By The Macmillan Company.

Norwood Press
J. S. Cushing & Co.—Berwick & Smith
Norwood Mass. U.S.A.

To the Memory of
Philadelphia's founder

Contents

Page

Introduction

xvii

Chapter I

The Founder of the Quaker City.

William Penn's childhood.—Nonconformity at Oxford.—Gay life in France and Ireland.—Converted to Quakerism by Fox.—"No Cross, no Crown."—Province of Pennsylvania granted by Charles II. to Penn.—Framing the "Great Law"

1

Chapter II

The Founding of the Quaker City.

Philadelphia's first homes.—"Great Treaty" at Shackamaxon.—Dispute with Lord Baltimore.—Return of Penn to England

15

Chapter III

The Quaker City's Childhood.

Early colonial life.—Philadelphia's first schools.—Her malefactors and witches.—Religious sects.—Whitefield.—Hostility to Roman Catholics.—Gloria Dei.—Christ Church.—Its influence in the colony.—Contest between Quakers and Episcopalians

25

Chapter IV

The Last Years of William Penn.

Penn at the court of James II.—Disgraced, after the accession of William III.—Visits Philadelphia.—Pennsbury.—Discontent of wife and daughter.—Return to England.—Financial troubles.—Death.—Opinion of Swift

52

Chapter V

How the Quaker City Grew.

Paper currency.—Philadelphia's prosperity.—Pastimes.—Actors.—The Hallams.—Opposition to plays.—Old Southwark Theatre.—Deceits and devices

65

Chapter VI

The Birth of Learning in the Quaker City.

Academy of Natural Sciences.—The city's debt to Franklin.—Philadelphia Library.—Founding the college.—Its stormy life.—Provost Smith.—Hostility of the Constitutionalists.—The Philosophical Society.—Transit of Venus.—Distinguished members

80

Chapter VII

The State House and its Message.

The "Towne House."—Building the State House.—Its historic interest.—The Liberty Bell.—Declaration of Independence

106

Chapter VIII

How the Quaker City Spent its Money.

Increasing wealth of Philadelphia.—Quaker almshouses.—Gabriel and Evangeline.—Pennsylvania Hospital.—Creature comforts and display.—Journal of Jacob Hiltzheimer.—Franklin's household.—James Logan.—Stenton.—In gay attire.—The Dancing Assemblies

114

Chapter IX

War and the Rumours of War.

Hostilities with the Indians.—"Walking Purchase."—Braddock's defeat.—Expedition against Fort Du Quesne.—The "Paxton Boys."—Murder of the Conestoga Indians.—Philadelphia threatened.—Bouquet's triumph

137

Chapter X

The Eve of the Revolution.

Philadelphia's country seats.—Belmont.—Mount Pleasant.—Fairhill.—Lansdowne.—John Bartram.—Journal of Elizabeth Drinker

161

Chapter XI

The Dawn of the Revolution.

The Stamp Act.—"Farmer's Letters."—Tea ship Po`lly—Continental Congress.—Conservative Quakers.—News of the battle of Lexington

178

Chapter XII

War.

Committee of Safety.—"'Common Sense' for eighteen pence."—Convention of 1776.—New constitution for Pennsylvania.—Lee's resolutions.—Declaration of Independence.—Approach of General Howe.—The "Free Quakers"

191

Chapter XIII

A Gay Captivity.

General Howe enters Philadelphia.—Battle of Germantown.—Destruction of the forts.—Gayeties of the winter.—Southwark Theatre.—Letters of Miss Rebecca Franks.—The Mischianza.—General Howe recalled.—Departure of Sir Henry Clinton.—Battle of Monmouth

216

Chapter XIV

Lords of Misrule.

Triumph of the mob.—Unpopularity of General Arnold.—The robber Doans.—Persecution of the Quakers.—Journal of Elizabeth Drinker.—Depreciation of the currency.—Alliance with France.—Franklin in Paris.—Arnold's treachery.—André's death.—Arrival of French troops.—Surrender of Lord Cornwallis

237

Chapter XV

Reconstruction.

Fête du Dauphin.—Attack on the Bank of North America.—Robert Morris.—The Chevalier de Beaujouir.—National Constitution.—Federal procession.—State Constitution.—Death of Franklin

258

Chapter XVI

Philadelphia Regnant.

Return of Congress to Philadelphia.—Washington's receptions.—General extravagance.—"The dazzling Mrs. Bingham."—Brissot de Warville.—Art and letters.—Discomforts of travel

279

Chapter XVII

Two Forms of Fever.

Enthusiasm for France.—L'Ambuscade.—Genet.—"Dansons la Carmagnole."—Yellow fever.—Letters of Dr. Benjamin Rush.—Battle of the drugs.—Whiskey distillers.—Dr. George Logan.—Withdrawal of state legislature to Harrisburg, and of Congress to Washington

295

Chapter XVIII

Depression.

Embargo Act of 1807.—War of 1812.—Discovery of Pennsylvania's coal mines.—Visit of La Fayette.—Wistar parties.—Franklin Institute.—"Old Ironsides."—Pennsylvania Historical Society.—Stephen Girard and his school.—Refusal of President Jackson to re-charter the Bank of the United States.—Financial distress

317

Chapter XIX

Riots.

Negro riots.—Burning of Pennsylvania Hall.—"Native American" riots.—Hibernia Hose House.—Burning of St. Michael's and St. Augustine's Roman Catholic churches.—Desperate fighting in the streets.—Consolidation Act of 1854

342

Chapter XX

The Civil War.

Philadelphia's politics.—The Copperheads.—Battle of Gettysburg.—Drafting.—Sanitary Fair.—Hospitals.—Peace

356

Chapter XXI

The Quaker City of To-day.

Progress.—Centennial Exhibition.—Bullitt Bill.—Meretricious architecture.—City Hall.—Academy of the Fine Arts.—University of Pennsylvania.—Bryn Mawr College.—Fairmount Park.—The Quaker City

367

Illustrations

William Penn		Frontispiece
		Page
Penn's Crest		5
"A Site for a Fair City"		11
Penn's Seal		13
Penn's Wampum Belt		15
"The Demure Little Letitia House"		19
"Over the Cooling Wave"		23
Map of Philadelphia, 1682		26
"Along the River's Bank"		30
"The Meeting-House"		33
St. David's at Radnor		38
Gloria Dei		43
"The Antique Font"		44
Christ Church		47
Gloria Dei		51
"The Slate Roof House"		56
Penn's Desk		58
Logan Arms		64
Old House on Race Street Wharf		69
An Alley		77
Doorway on Pine Street		80
Franklin's Clock		86
Portrait of Franklin		88
"Woodlands"		91
Doorways		100
Liberty Bell		106
The "Towne House"		108
Old State House		111
State House		112
Case containing Original Declaration of Independence		113
Quaker Almshouse		116
Pennsylvania Hospital		121
A Bit of Pennsylvania Hospital		123
Stenton		129
Franklin's Punch Keg		136
St. Peter's Church		145
In Old St. Peter's		156
"A stately, strong old House"		162
"In the old Wister Homestead"		165
"The old Bartram Homestead"		171
Interior of Carpenters' Hall		178
Carpenters' Hall		185
Inkstand in Independence Hall		191
House of Betty Ross, where the First Flag was made		196
Room in State House where Declaration was signed		203
"This strong old Country house"		219
Major André		223
Walnut Grove		228
Mt. Pleasant: Arnold's Home		239
Woodford House		246
Stairway in State House		250
Washington's Desk		259
"The Old State House"		271
Franklin's Grave		278
Morris House, Germantown		284
Tea-Room in Morris House		288
"A Nymph holding a Swan"		291
Old Market-Place		295
The Shuylkill's Bank		298
An Old Street		304
Jefferson's Chair		311
In Fairmount Park		317
The Mint		324
Old Houses by the River		325
Masonic Temple		330
Girard College		337
"The Silent City"		341
A Negro Alley		344
Interior of Roman Catholic Cathedral		350
Old Market-Place		353
"Over the Roof of Independence Hall"		358
Chestnut Street		362
Fairmount Park		367
Horticultural Hall		369
City Hall		374
Art Club		376
Library of University of Pennsylvania		379
Pembroke Hall, Bryn Mawr College		381
Lily Pond in Fairmount Park		384
The "Solitude"		386
Flower Beds, Fairmount Park		388

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1930.

The longest-living author of this work died in 1950, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 74 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.

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