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made all employes observe them. The workers immediately realized the importance of such measures, and thus the station masters and the higher officials unconsciously became the inventors of what is termed "Passive Action."

Subsequently the officials of that road, as energetically as they had issued the orders, countermanded them, and work went on normally again; that is, without regard to regulations and rules.

The industrial unionists everywhere recognize the fact that employers of labor are unscrupulously contesting every point of vantage that the workers seek to gain. When forced to strike the latter find that the strong auxiliaries of the capitalists are brought into play; police, gendarmery, militia and troops, injunctions and imprisonment are weapons all at the command of the capitalist class. So the organized resistance within the place of employment is not confined to passive action as described above; inferior goods are turned out by silent understanding of all workers in one shop or plant; time is taken up with getting tools prepared, and repair work attended to; in Harvey, Ill., where contractors of railway construction work announced a reduction of 50 cents per day for the Italian workers, the latter, having learned enough of the principles of industrial unionism,