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same town (or with other educational institutions), having made no attempt to organize the various sections of revolutionary work and possessing no systematic plan of campaign calculated for any protracted period, established contact with the workers and set about their tasks. The circle would gradually extend its sphere of propaganda and agitation and by its activities would arouse the sympathy of fairly wide sections of the workers and of a certain section of educated society who supplied funds and placed ever fresh groups of young people at the disposal of the "committee." The power of attraction of the committee (or of the league of combatants) would become stronger, its sphere of activities extend; its activities developed in an absolutely spontaneous and elemental fashion. The people who a year, or even a few months before, were discussing at students' meetings the question of what was to be done, establishing and maintaining contact with the workers and preparing and distributing leaflets, now began to set up connections with other groups of revolutionaries, procure literature, prepare to publish a local paper, start to talk of organizing demonstrations, and, finally, engage in open warfare (such open warfare might, according to circumstances, be the first agitational leaflet, or the first number of a newspaper or the first demonstration). And, as a rule, these activities were doomed at the very outset to immediate and complete collapse. Immediate and complete, because the acts of war were not based upon