- Villeins, 237, 254, 337, 480, 486, 523-24
- Vilna, 552
- Vinci, Leonardo da, 602, 605-06
- Vinland, 223, 230, 395
- Virgate, 235
- Virgin, the, 624; and see Madonnas
- Visconti, House of, 580
- Visconti, Bianca, 580
- Visconti, Gian Galeazzo, 590
- Visconti, Valentine, 636
- Viscount, 269
- Visigoths, see West Goths
- Vision of Piers the Ploughman, 516-17, 562-65
- Vistula River, 17, 42, 139, 308, 544
- Vita Nuova, 411, 415
- Viterbo, 464
- "Voices," of Joan of Arc, 528
- Volga River, 17, 58, 549, 556
- Vosges Mountains, 12, 17, 88, 166
- Voyages of Discovery, 394, 609-14, 633
- Vulgate, 113, 593
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- Wager of battle, 51, 205, 469, 497
- Wages, 498, 516, 523
- Waiblingen, 350
- Waldensians, 443, 448, 450
- Waldo, Peter, 443, 450
- Wales, 12, 29, 164, 167, 222, 398, 406, 484, 487-88, 519; and see Welsh
- Walid, Caliph, 180.
- Wallace, Sir William, 488
- Wallachia, 140, 453, 554, 556, 558
- Walled towns, 24; gates, 33; Rome walled again, 54, 226-27; barbarian invaders, and, 83, 91, 135, 152, 179; medieval, 315, 327, 329-30, 337, 367-69, 451, 494, 505, 518, 578, 629
- Walloons, 269
- Walsingham, 368
- Walter of Brienne, 466
- Walter the Penniless, 315
- Walther von der Vogelweide, 406
- Wapentake, 221, 478
- Wardship and marriage, 243, 257, 277, 480
- Warfare, and history, 2, 5, 9; and geography, 12; and citizenship, 26; Roman, 28 ; among early Germans, 43, 46-47, 127; of mounted nomads, 57; early Christian opposition to, 104; Mohammedan, 176; chief pursuit of Charlemagne, 199; feudal, 249-52, 256, 274; crusades, 315, 324; interurban in Italy, 348, 576; literature of, 400, 402; of Philip Augustus, 493; of the fourteenth century, 531; of the Hussites, 570; of the condottieri, 576-77, 580; and see Army, Invasions, Knights, Mercenaries, Private War
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- Wars of Religion, 339, 544
- Wars of the Roses, 614, 628-29
- Warwick, the King-Maker, 628
- Welf, House of, 349-50
- Welsh dialect, 398
- Welsh people, 434, 630
- Wends, 216, 228, 544
- Wenzel, Holy Roman Emperor, 539, 553, 570
- Wergeld, 47, 52, 123
- Wessex, Kingdom of, 220
- West Franks, 213, 219, 261, 266, 399
- West Goths, 4, 55, 75-85, 87-90, 111, chap. vii, 128, 138, 149-50, 157, 160, 169, 178-79, 187, 554
- West Indies, 610
- Westminster, 476
- Westminster Abbey, 430
- Westphalia, 534, 539
- West Prussia, 546
- West Saxons, 202, 220
- Wettin dynasty, 540
- Whitby, Synod of, 167
- White Huns, see Ephthalites
- White Sea, 12, 17, 223
- "White Shirt" (Greenland), 223
- Widows, 46, 92, 173-74; feudal, 243, 270-71, 491; of gild members, 331; 515
- Widukind, 375
- Will, see Langland
- William I, or the Conqueror, King of England, 246, 270, 275-77, 292-93, 295, 312, 376, 459, 474, 477-79
- William II, or Rufus, 293, 314, 380, 48c
- William V, Duke of Aquitaine, 273
- William VIII, Duke of Aquitaine, 272
- William IX, Duke of Aquitaine, 405
- William, Count of Holland, 470
- William of Conches, 378-79, 384-85
- William of Lorris, 405
- William of Roches, 508
- William of Rubruk, 393, 452
- Willibrord, 167
- Wills, 52, 294, 460
- Winchester, 368; cathedral, 423
- Windows, house-, 339, 369, 388; splayed,422 ; rose-, 428; lancet, 431; in Renaissance buildings, 600; and see Clear-story, Stained glass
- Winfrith, see Boniface, St.
- Wisby, 369, 543
- Wissendi, 534
- Witan, 222, 276
- Witchcraft, 528-29, 534
- Wittelsbach, House of, 539
- Woden, 45
- Wolsey, 530
- Woman, position of, in Roman law,
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