Page:The history of medieval Europe.djvu/732

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INDEX
 
  • Plough-Penny, 488
  • Plumbing, invention of, 337-38, 388, 587
  • Plurality, 588
  • Plutarch, 2, 38-39, 99, 597
  • Po River, 12, 17, 342
  • Podestà, 351-52, 354. 357, 577, 599
  • Podiebrad, George of, King of Bohemia, 558, 571, 615
  • Poema del Cid, 410
  • Poet laureate, 588
  • Poetics, of Aristotle, 22
  • Poetry, see Arabian, Literature, etc.
  • Poggio, 589
  • Poisoning, 268, 566, 578, 626, 635
  • Poitevins, 260
  • Poitiers, 179, 366, 376, 422; battle of, 517, 519-20, 522
  • Poitou, 272, 278, 457, 482, 494, 497, 508, 510, 518
  • Poland, 228, 263, 307, 336, 390, 453, 532, 544-47, 551-53, 556, 558, 561, 566, 568, 571
  • Police, 50, 188, 238, 484, 494
  • Politian, 590
  • Politics, 5, 24; and see Government
  • Politics, of Aristotle, 22
  • Poll taxes, 523-24
  • Polo brothers, 344, 394; and see Marco Polo
  • Polonius, 365
  • Polybius, 9, 18
  • Polygamy, 57, 172, 174-75, 188
  • Pomerania, 307, 546
  • Pomerelia, 544, 546
  • Pontifex Maximus, 95
  • Pontus Steppe, 53-54, 139, 229
  • Poor Brethren of the Hospital of St. John, see Hospitalers
  • Poor Catholics, 450
  • Poor Clares, 450
  • Poor priests, 563
  • Poor students, 392 ; and see Poverty
  • Popolo, 347, 577, 584
  • Population (including Depopulation and Overpopulation), of Roman Empire, 36, 58, 60, 67, 92; effect of invasions on, 119; of Byzantine Africa, 135; Constantinople, 149; Balkan peninsula, 151; Slavs, 139, 228; Cordova, 185; Scandinavia, 217; in feudal period, 236, 249, 301, 309, 312, 327, of medieval towns, 328, 334, 341, 367, 370; England and France, 367; effect of Black Death, 515; effect of Hundred Years War, 530; of Tabriz, 551; of Burgundian possessions, 617
  • Porphyry, 379
  • Portals, cathedral, 422, 428-29, 433
  • Portcullis, 248
  • Portolani, 395
  • Portrait painting and sculpture, 604-05
  • Portugal, 303-05, 323, 366, 394, 456, 566, 574, 608-14, 632-33, 637
  • Portuguese language, 399, 410
  • Postal service, 34, 141, 550
  • Poverty, 155, 175, 516-17, 562
  • Præmunire, Statute of, 518, 562
  • Presides, 71
  • Prætorian guards, 29, 69
  • Prætorian prefects, 71, 80
  • Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, 573, 638
  • Prague, University of, 389, 552, 568; Archbishop of, 571; and see Jerome of Prague
  • Prato, 603
  • Preaching, 439, 443,446, 562-63,568-69, 634; of the friars, 449-51; and see Sermons
  • Precarium, 240-41
  • Predestination, 564
  • Pregadi, 581
  • Prehistoric period, 3-4
  • Premonstratensians, 298, 308
  • Prémontré, 298
  • Presbyter, 100
  • Presentation, right of, 282
  • Pressburg, Treaty of, 615
  • Prévôt, or provost, 268, 363, 492, 494
  • Prices, 70, 332-33, 336, 516, 603, 608
  • Priesthood, Oriental and Greek, 21; early German, 48-49; Roman, 95; Jewish, 98; Christian, 105, 439-41, 564
  • Primate, 296
  • Primogeniture, 241, 533
  • Prince, The, of Machiavelli, 578-80, 596, 635, 640
  • Prince of Wales, 488, 519; and see Black Prince
  • Printing, invention of, 16, 391, 587, 594-95
  • Priories, Cluniac, 281-82
  • Priors, Six, of Florence, 410, 584
  • Private war, 263, 520, 534, 538, 631; and see Feudalism
  • Privileged towns, 358, 363
  • Privileges, academic, 391; of crusaders, 323; and see Clergy
  • Privy Council, 492
  • Procopius, 130, 140, 145-46, 149, 153; and see Secret History
  • Prophecy, Hebrew, 98; early German, 46, 400; early Christian, 100-01; Mohammed and, 174-75; 549, 607, 635-36
  • Prose, earliest medieval, 399; sagas, 401; first French, 409; Spanish, 410; English, 563
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