- ond House of, 471-72, 496-97, 553, 586, 625-26, 633-34
- Annals, 163, 199, 222, 375
- Annates, 560
- Anne, Duchess of Brittany, 626, 634
- Anno, Archbishop of Cologne, 287
- Anonymousness, of Chansons de geste, 403; of medieval architects, 416; of medieval sculptors, 601
- Ansbach, 540
- Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, 293, 380
- Anselm of Laon, 380-81
- Anthemius, praetorian prefect, 80
- Anthemius of Tralles, 129
- Anthropology, 3-5, 9
- Antichrist, 549, 564
- Antioch, 23, 143, 150, 308, 316, 318-19; Patriarch of, 102, 156, 190
- Antipopes, see Schism
- Antiquity, romances of, 407
- Antony, St., 109-10, 112
- Apennines, 17, 80, 166, 353~54
- Apocryphal scriptures, 101
- Apollinare, see Sant'
- Apollinaris, see Sidonius
- Apollo, 113
- Apologists, Christian, 104, 106
- Apostolic poverty, 100, 443, 448, 451, 561, 563, 569
- Apostolic see, see Papacy
- Apostolic succession, 107
- Appanages, 507, 624-25
- Appeals to Rome (papal court), 295, 297-98, 463, 518, 573
- Appenzell, 542
- Apprentices, 331-33, 338-39, 390, 515, 604, 618
- Apse, 146, chap. xxii
- Apuleius, 63, 66, 74
- Apulia, 226, 302, 468
- Aqueducts, 32, 73, 155
- Aquileia, Archbishop of, 134
- Aquinas, Thomas, 385-86, 411, 413, 451, 590
- Aquitaine or Aquitania, 93, 118, 179, 198, 200, 212-13, 267, 272, 278, 321, 405, 457, 492, 627
- Arabia, Arabic, and Arabs, 7, 14, 40, 151, chap. x, 192-94, 196, 199-200, 212, 218, 224, 227, 229, 308-09, 320, 324, 328, 369, 373, 376, 383-88, 393, 397, 407, 410, 469, 611
- Arabian Nights, 182
- Arabian poetry, 172-73, 182, 184-85, 189
- Arabic numerals, 183, 386
- Aragon, 14, 273, 303-05, 357, 404-05, 410, 445, 448, 455-56, 471, 488, 497, 508, 566, 574, 586, 630-34, 636
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- Aral Sea, 55-56
- Aramaic, 182
- Arbogast, 77-78
- Arcadius, Roman Emperor, 78, 80
- Arch, round, 32, 144, 420, 424, 600; pointed, 424-26, 430-31, 601
- Arch of Constantine, 66
- Archæology, 3-5, 41-42
- Archbishop, 102, 114, 280, 375-76, 394, 436-37, 456-60, 481, 534; and see Aquileia, Bordeaux, Canterbury, Cologne, Dalmatia, Magdeburg, Mainz, Milan, Narbonne, Prague, Ravenna, Rheims, Treves, York
- Archdeacon, 286, 295, 437, 484, 562
- Architecture, ancient, 20; Greek, 21; Roman, 32-33, 418-19, 424, 599-601; early Christian, 82-83; early medieval, 26; the first Serbian churches, 152; southern France, 271; Italian municipal, 353-54; German, 369; English, 487; Renaissance, 587, 599-601, 605-07; and see Byzantine, Gothic, Romanesque, basilica, cathedral, house, mosque
- Archpriest, 438
- Arena, see Amphitheater
- Argonautic expedition, 407
- Argonne, 364
- Argos, 79
- Arians, 55, 102, 105, 107, III, 120, 124, 126, 135, 138
- Ariosto, 593
- Aristocracy, see Feudalism, Nobility, Oligarchy
- Aristotle, 22, 31, 125, 183, 379-80, 384-86, 411, 587, 589-90, 592
- Arithmetic, 124-25
- Aries, 90, 126
- Aries, Kingdom of, 261, 271, 292, 538
- Armagnac, Count of, 526, 625-26
- Armagnacs, party of, 526, 531
- Armenia, in, 177, 309, 455, 556
- Armenia, Lesser or Little, 316, 344, 453, 550
- Armenian language, 407
- Armor, of Northmen, 218-20; feudal, 252; medieval manufacture of, 334;
- of Black Prince, 517; of Joan of Arc, 529; in sculpture, 604
- Army, Spartan, 25; Roman, 27-29, 61, 68-70, 75, 99; early German, 47-48; barbarian troops in Roman and Byzantine service, 77-79, 86, 91, 133, 172; size of invading German armies, 119; Justinian's, 138, 149; Lombard, 170; Frankish, 202-04; Norse soldiers of adventure, 217, 301; Anglo-Saxon, 220-21; feudal, 239, 242, 251-52, 257, 276-77; Capetian, 267, 492; crusading, 311, 314-
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