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Chandu 77 Churaman Chandu Lai,(Arabic characters) a Hindu, who was appointed Di'wan to the Nizam of Haidarabad in 1808 A. D. His poetical name is Shadan. He died in the year 1863 A. D. Chandragupta, '^i^J'^^^) (called by the Greeks Sandra- cottus). He seized the kingdom of Magadha, after the massacre of the sm-vivors of the Naida dynasty, whose capital was the celebrated city PataHputra, called by the Greeks Palibothra. Changez Khan, O^y^^^, also called by us Gengis, Jengis, and Zingis, surnamed Tamujin, was the son of Yesuki, a Khan or chief of the tribe of Mughals. He was born in 1154 A. D., 549 A. H., and at the age of 13 he began to reign, but the conspiracies of his subjects obliged him to fly for safety to Avant Khan, a Tartar prince, whom he supported on his throne, and whose daughter he mar- ried. These ties were not binding. Avant Khan joined against Changez, who took signal vengeance on his enemies, and after almost unexampled vicissitudes, he qb- tained, at the age of 49. a complete victory over all those who had endeavoured to effect his ruin, and received from the Khans of Tartary the title of Khakan in 1206 A. D., 602 A. H., and was declared emperor of Tartary. His ca- pital was Karakurm. In the space of 22 years he conquer- ed Corea, Cathay, part of China, and the noblest provinces of Asia, and became as renowned a conqueror as Alex- ander the Great. He died on Sunday the 29th August, 1227 A. D., Ilamazan 624 A. H., aged 75 lunar years, leaving his dominions (which extended 1800 leagues from east to west, and 1000 from north to south) properly divided to his four sons, Juji, Oktai', Chaghtai and Tilli Khan. List of the Mughal emperors of Tartary. Changez Khan, 1206 TuH Khan, his son 1227 Oktai, brother of Tuli, 1241 Turkina Ivhatun, his wife, regent for 4 years. Kayuk Khan, son of Oktai, 1246 Ogtilgan-niish, his wife, regent on his death, . . 1248 Mangu Khan, son of Tuli Khan, 1251, died 1259 After the death of Mangu, the empire of the Mughals was divided into* diflerent branches, in China, Persia, in Kapchak, &c. - Kablai Khan, the brother of Mangu Kh&n, succeeded in China, and founded the Yuen dynasty, 1260 Chaghtai Khan, son of Changez Khan, founded the Chaghtai branch in Transoxiana, .... 1240 Juji, son of Changez Khan, founded the Kap- chak dynasty, 1226 Vide, Halaku Khan. Chatrapati Appa Saheb, v^'-^ ^^1 tJi^y-'i-, raja of Sitae, who died in, or a year before, 1874 A. D., whose adopted son was Raja Eam. Char Bagh, f^' J^'^y name of a garden constructed by the emperor Eabar on the bank of the Jamna, which it is said was also called Hasht Bahisht ; it bore all sorts of fruits ; no traces of this famous garden are left now. Chatur Sal, (Arabic characters) Chhattar Sal, or, according to the author of the " Masir-ul-Umra," Satar Sal, was the son of Chait Singh, chief of the Bundelas or inhabitants of Bun- delkhand, of which province he was raja. To secure the independence of his posterity against the encroaching power of theMarhattas, he entered into a close alUance with the Peshwa Baji Eao I about the year 1733 A. D., 1146 A. H., and at his demise, he bequeathed him a third of his dominions, under an express stipulation, that his posterity should be protected by the Peshwa and his heirs. 20 Chatur Sal died 1735 A. D., leaving two sons, Hirde Sah and Jagat Eaj. The division of the dominions of Bundelkhand, bequeathed to the Peshwa, comprised the Mahals of Kalpf, Sirounj, Kunch, Garra Kota and Hir- dainagar. Gangadhar Bala was nominated by the Pesh- wa as his naib to superintend the collections. After- wards the principal leaders in Bundelkhand having fallen in battles, and the ruin of the country having been com- pleted by the subsequent conquest of the raj of Panna by Nana Arjiin, the grandson of Bakhat Singh, a descendant of Chatur Sal, it hence became the object of Nana Far- nawis, the Puna minister, notwithstanding the stipulations by which the former Peshwa obtained from Chatur Sal one-third of his dominions, to annex the whole of Bundelkhand to the Marhatta States. For this purpose he gave the investiture of it to 'AH Bahadur, son of Shamsher Bahadur, an illegitimate son of the Peshwa Baji Rao. whose descendants now are called the Nawabs of Banda. Vide Muhammad Khan Bangash. Chatur Mahal, ^=^'^J'^, one of the Begams of the ex- king of Audh. One Kurban 'All, who had held a subor- dinate position, and was latterly a Sharistadar under the British Government, suddenly became a rich man by marrying her. He formed the acquaintance of this young and beautiful woman, and they resolved to be married. But the Begam did not wish the union with a man so inferior to herself to take place where she was known, and so obtained the permission of the Chief Commissioner to leave Audh on the pretence of making a pilgrimage to Mecca. Once clear of Lakhnau, she was joined by Kiir- ban 'AH, and made for his home at Bijnaui' in Bundel- khand. Chin Kalieh Khan, e;^ u.^^.^, vide KuHch Khan. Chin Kalieh Khan, cj^^ wi'^^ former name of Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah. Chimnaji 'Apa, the younger son of the Marhatta chief Raghunath Eao, (Raghoba) was furtively raised to the masnad at Puna some time after the death of Madho Eao II, the son of Narayan Eao, on the 26th May, 1796 A. D. ; but was deposed afterwards, and suc- ceeded by his elder brother Baji Eao II, who was pubHcly proclaimed on the 4th December following. Churaman, i^'^'h ^■^j an enterprising Jat who having enriched himself by plundering the baggage of the emperor 'Alamgir's army on his last march to tlie Dakhan, built the fortress of Bhartpiir, fourteen kos from Agra, with part of the spoil, and became the cliief of that tribe. The present rajas of Bhartpur are his descendants. He was killed by the roj'al army in the battle which took place between the emperor Muhammad Shah and Kutb-ul- Mulk Sayyad 'Abd-ullah Khan in November, 1720 A. D., Muharram, 1133 A. H. His son Badan Singh succeeded him. The following is a list of the Rdjds of Bhartpur. Churaman Jat. Badan Singh, the son of Churaman. Surajmal Jat, the son of Badan Singh. Jawahir Singh, the son of Surajmal. Eao Eatan Singh, brother of Jawahir Singh. Kehri Singh, the son of Eatan Singh. Nawal Singh, the brother of Eatan Singh. Ranjit Singh, the nephew of Nawal Singh and son of Kehri Smgh. Randhir Singh, the son of Eanjit Singh. Baldeo Singh, the brother of Eandhir Singh. Balwant Singh, the son of Baldeo Singh. Jaswant Singh, the son of Balwant Singh and present raja of Bhartpur.