Page:The New Protectionism.djvu/180

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The State as Manufacturer and Trader:

A CRITICISM BASED ON ECONOMIC, INDUSTRIAL AND FISCAL RESULTS FROM GOVERNMENT TOBACCO MONOPOLIES. By A. W. MADSEN, B.Sc. (Edin.). Cloth, 7s. 6d. net.

Mr. Madsen takes as outstanding examples of State industry the Government Tobacco Monopolies in France, Italy, Austria, Japan, Spain, and Sweden, and analyzes the business management, the finances, and all the operations of these nationalized concerns. Manufacturing and bookkeeping-methods; the relations of the State with employés, retailers and consumers; the quality and assortment of goods sold — all come under searching examination. In particular, the shortcomings of the Monopolies both as commercial departments and as engines of taxation are clearly demonstrated. Comprehensive statistics complete the author's instructive, though damaging, investigation into this branch of Government activity in manufacture and trade.


Instincts of the Herd in Peace and War.

By W. TROTTER. Cloth, 3s. 6d. net.

This book is essentially concerned with the exposition of two ideas: first, that the science of psychology can without any sacrifice of scientific method be made use of for guidance in the actual conduct of practical affairs; and, secondly, that any real understanding of man's behaviour must depend upon a knowledge of the relation his mind bears to those of the lower animals, and especially of such of them as resemble him in conduct.

The principal generalizations which are relied upon in the interpretation of the confused problems of human affairs were evolved in times of peace, and are, therefore, not exposed to the suspicions which must attach to ideas conceived in the intemperate air of war. Nevertheless, the circumstances of warfare provide an almost inexhaustible store of material from which specimens of human behaviour can be drawn.

A hypothesis of German personality and social constitution is put forward which attempts to explain their characteristics, to afford hints for the guidance of military policy, and a rational theory of the objects of the war and the unappeasable hostility of which it is the expression.


T. FISHER UNWIN. Ltd., 1, ADELPHI TERRACE, LONDON.

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