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THE JOURNAL OF GEOLOGY.

the Warrior and up the Alabama rivers, made by L. C. Johnson and myself at the joint expense of the State and National Surveys, during which we collected the data for the first attempt at the stratigraphy of the Cretaceous and Tertiary formations of our Coastal Plain. The greater part, however, of the material afterwards brought together by the writer and published as Bulletin No. 43 of the U. S. Survey was collected in the following seasons, 1884-5-6, by the Alabama survey alone, by Messrs. Langdon, Aldrich and myself. Mr. Langdon afterwards carried these examinations across the state to the Georgia line, and thence down the Chattahoochee to Bristol, Fla., when he made the discoveries of the Chattahoochee and Alum Bluff series of Miocene formations, which have since become famous localities.

Although the joint trip of the present writer and Mr. Johnson, above mentioned, occupied only two weeks' time, Mr. Johnson was afterwards assigned by the U. S. Survey to independent work in this territory, especially in the examination of the post-Eocene formations, and it is to his work that we owe the greater part of our knowledge of the Grand Gulf and Pascagoula Miocene of this state. Mr. Johnson was also for one season in the employ of the state survey in completing the work thus begun. The present writer has also spent an additional season in this territory in 1891, and the coastal plain report above alluded to will contain the notes from all these sources.

It was feared by many that the extension of the U. S. Survey into the territories of the older states would have the effect of preventing the organization of new state surveys, and of causing the discontinuance of those already in existence, but the continuance or completion of existing surveys in New Jersey, Minnesota, Illinois, Indiana, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Alabama and Wisconsin, and the organization of new surveys in Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, Georgia, North Carolina and Iowa show that these fears have not been fully realized. The national and state surveys occupy practically somewhat different ground, and so far from being antagonistic, they should be mutually helpful. In the case of Alabama it may be asserted that the coöperation of

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