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depression of the coast land why neolithic man did not go farther up in Sweden than 61° northeast, while the Norwegian coast was free all along, and permitted his advance up to 70°. Another consequence is that the northern part of the long valleys in southeastern Norway must get its first population from the west coast. This is also proved to be the case, not only by the existence of a well-marked anthropological boundary across these continuous valleys, but also by a singular contrast in dialects and traditions. Reversedly, this signifies that the present Scandinavian race really was the first post-glacial occupant of the country. In the administrative divisions we find traces of the old ice barrier as far down as only a century ago. It is thus possible to follow the effect of the ancient land ice in Norway down to our own day.

In closing this hasty summary of the Quaternary history of Norway I cannot quite omit the doubtful question about the absolute chronology. We have seen that in the bronze age which the archeologists are able to date in Scandinavia from 1700 to 500 B.C., more than ten per cent. of the post-glacial upheaval was not yet accomplished. As the upheaval has not been uninterrupted, we cannot directly conclude that the whole elevation has had a duration of about 30,000 years. The long time from early iron age in which the shore line has been constant enters into our standard. But we can draw a more reliable comparison between the terraces from the different periods, when we take the greater eroding power of the old inland ice and its greater glaciers in due consideration. I cannot here specify my calculations, but will say that I regard myself as on the safe side when I compute the time for forming the subglacial terraces and beaches to not more than double the last constant period, which may be reckoned at 2,000 years. For these two constant post-glacial periods together we thus get about 5,000 to 6,000 years. The relatively small terrace deposits from the remainder of post-glacial time cannot by any means give more than half this value. We may, therefore, on this, as I think, very reliable estimate, calculate the whole post-glacial time to be 7,000 to 9,000 years. To about the same numbers