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person is bound to make restoration to the extent to which he is still enriched by the act.

122.

If any person specified in Art. 120 ratifies a voidable act, it is deemed to have been valid from the beginning; but the rights of third persons cannot be affected thereby.

123.

If the other party to a voidable act is a determinate person, rescission or ratification of such act must be by an expression of intention made to him.

124.

A ratification is valid only if it is made after the state of facts forming the ground of invalidity has ceased to exist.

When a person adjudged incompetent acquires knowledge of the act after he has recovered his capacity, he can ratify it only after acquiring knowledge.

The provisions of the two foregoing paragraphs do not apply to ratification by a husband or a legal representative.

125.

If after the time when according to the preceding article a voidable act could be ratified, any of the following events takes place in regard to the act, it is deemed to be ratified, unless a reservation is expressed.

  1. An entire or part performance;
  2. A demand for performance;
  3. A novation;[1]
  1. ↑ See Arts. 513 ff.
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