Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 01.djvu/260

1895, and was acting curator of fishes at the American museum of natural history in New York city in 1897. He was married to Laurette H. Van Hook of Washington, D.C., Jan. 1, 1878. He received the M.S. degree from Indiana university in 1883. In 1899 he was appointed director of the department of forestry, fisheries and the chase for the commissioner general of the United States to the Paris exposition of 1900. He is the author of "The Fishes of Pennsylvania," "The Salmon and Salmon Fisheries of Alaska." with Dr. G. Brown Goode, "Deep-sea Fishes of the Atlantic Basin, or Oceanic Ichthyology": and contributions to Forest and Stream, of which he was the editor of sea and river fishing.

BEARD, Daniel Carter, illustrator, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 21, 1850; son of James H. and Mary C. (Carter) Beard. His paternal grandmother was the first white woman to set foot on the land now occupied by the city of Chicago. His education was acquired in his native city and in an academy at Covington, Ky., and his first employment was as a surveyor for a New York map publishing house. His outdoor life developed in him an interest in animals, of which he submitted several drawings to a publisher. These at once attracted attention and praise, and his illustrations were accepted by St.Nicholas, Harper's Weekly, and Young People, the Youth's Companion, the Scientific American and other publications. He also contributed to these magazines articles on boys' sports and natural history. He studied for four years at the art students' league in New York city, and soon became well known to the public and to publishers through his literary and artistic work. Some of his best work is to be seen in the illustrations of Mark Twain's "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court." He was especially fond of allegorical and symbolical drawing and delicate caricaturing. Among his many admirable pictures are: "Ghosts of the Camp Fire," "A Light for his Pipe," and The Moonshiners. Mr. Beard was made a member of several prominent art clubs and of the American natural history society. A list of his books includes: "What to Do and How to Do It-The American Boys' Handy Book" (1882); "Six Feet of Romance and Moonblight," and "American Boys' Book of Sport" (1896), He was collector of the port of Boston 1878-82, and 1890-94. He died at Boston, Mass., Aug. 28, 1900.

BEARD, George Miller, physician, was born at Montville, Conn., May 8, 1839. After attending the Phillips Andover academy he entered Yale college, where he was graduated in 1862. In 1866, having taken the course at the College of physicians and surgeons of New York, he received the degree of M.D. He served during a part of the civil war as an assistant surgeon in the navy, and after the close of the war returned to New York city, where he established a large practice, especially giving his attention to nervous diseases. He also devoted much time to the investigation of clairvoyance, spiritualism, animal magnetism, etc., discovering many impositions commonly practised under these names. The now common treatment of electricity as a stimulant was first practised by Dr. Beard. Among his publications are: "General Electrization" (with Dr. Rockwell, 1867); "The Longevity of Brain Workers (1867); "Our Home Physician" (1869); "Stimulants and Narcotics" (1871); "Eating and Drinking" (1871); "Clinical Researches in Electro-Surgery" (with Dr. Rockwell, 1873); "Legal Responsibility in Old Age" (1874); "Hay Fever" (1876); “The Scientific Basis of Delusions," "Mental Therapeutics," and "Physiology of Mind Reading" (1877); Two monographs, "The Scientific Study of Human Testimony and Experiments with Living Human Beings," and "The Psychology of Spiritism" (1878-79); "Writer's Cramp” (1879); “Problems of Insanity" (1880); "Nervous Exhaustion" (1880); "Sea Sickness, its Nature and Treatment" (1880), and many papers, treatises and lectures. He died in New York, Jan. 23, 1883.

BEARD, James Henry, artist, was born at Buffalo, N.Y., June 14, 1812; son of Capt. J.H. Beard, the pioneer master of a brig on Lake Erie. When he was a child his parents removed to Painesville, Ohio, where he had the ordinary backwoods facilities for an education. His artistic genius was fired by the sight of a rudely carved figurehead on a small Lake Erie craft. He made for himself a paint stone and muller to grind his colors; he also made his stretchers, prepared his canvas, made his brushes, his easel and palette, and indeed all the materials he used, and at fourteen years of age began to paint portraits, in which he became very adept, having for sitters, before he was twenty-five, Presidents Harrison and Tyler, Henry Clay, Salmon P. Chase and John Quincy Adams, and other distinguished men of that day. He was married to Mary Carolina, daughter of Colonel Carter, a soldier in the war of 1812. His first original composition, "The North Carolina Immigrants," which was exhibited at the National academy of design in 1846, gave him an extended reputation. and won for him an honorary membership to the academy. He enlisted in the Union army at the outbreak of the civil war, and saw service in the corps of Gen. Lew Wallace, attaining the rank of captain. In 1870 he settled in New York, and was elected to a fellowship in the National academy of design. His most popular pictures are those of animals, most of which have been