Page:TheTreesOfGreatBritainAndIreland vol04B.djvu/355

This page needs to be proofread.
Alnus
945

foot, and as measured down to 3 inches diameter, produced 817 cubic feet and realised

£24 10 0

Deduct expenses of cutting and hauling out.

£2 16 0

Deduct expenses of loading and delivering to station at 6s, per ton

2 8 0

——————

5 4 0

——————

Leaving a net return of

£19 6 5

Four men were occupied for 42 days in working the timber up on the ground and produced :

196½ dozen pair 1st size, men’s, at a cost of 1s. 4d. per dozen

£13 2 0

209dozen pair 2nd size, women’s, cost 1s. 2d. per dozen

12 3 10

98½ dozen pair 3rd size, boys’cost 10d. per dozen

4 2 1

119½ dozen pair 4th size, children’s, cost 8d.

3 19 8

——————

Total for labour

£33 7 7

The maker informed me that the cost of carriage to Oldham was £8, 2s. at the rate of £1 per ton, and that the sum realised was £72, in addition to which he had the whole of the waste and chips to sell for firewood.

ALNUS INCANA, Grey Alder

Alnus incana, Moench, Meth. 424 (1794); Willdenow, Sp. Pl. iv. 335 (1805); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iii, 1687 (1838); Willkomm, Forstliche Flora, 349 (1887); Mathieu, Flore Forestière, 426 (1897); Winkler, Betulacee, 120 (1904).
Alnus lanuginosa, Gilibert, Exercit. Phyt. ii. 402 (1792).
Alnus glauca, Michaux, f., Hist. Arb. Amer. iii. 322 (1813).
Betula Alnus incana, Linnæus, Sp. Pl. 983 (1753).
Betula incana, Linnæus, f., Suppl. 417 (1781).

A tree, attaining about 70 feet in height and 6 feet in girth. Bark smooth and silvery grey, only fissuring slightly at the base of old trunks. Young branchlets greyish pubescent. Leaves (Plate 268, Fig. 1) about 3 inches long and 2 inches wide, ovate or oval, rounded or cuneate at the base, acute or slightly acuminate at the apex; lateral nerves nine to twelve pairs, running straight to the margin, each ending in a short acute lobe, which is finely serrate and ciliate; upper surface dull, dark green, pubescent; lower surface greyish, covered with soft hairs, densest on the midrib and nerves, without axil-tufts ; petiole, ¾ inch long, pubescent.

Catkins in number and position like those of A. glutinosa; but male catkins looser, with distant shining red-brown scales and yellow anthers. Cones smaller than in A. glutinosa, with more numerous scales, thinner and less distinctly five- lobed. Nutlets depressed, pentagonal, reddish-brown, with wing almost as broad as the body.

In winter the twigs are three-angled at the tip, and densely covered with a fine

iv
2 h