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Japan, and Z. crenata, Spach, inhabiting the Caucasus and N orth Persia. The third species, Z. cretica, Spach, is a shrub growing in Crete and Cyprus, which has not yet been introduced, and does not come within the scope of our work. The following species, also a shrub, is only known in cultivation :—
- Zelkova Verschaffeltii, Nicholson, Kew Handlist of Trees, 145 (1896).
- Zelkova japonica, Dippel, var. Verschaffeltii, Dippel, Laubholzkunde, ii. 39, fig. 14 (1892).
A shrub or small tree. Branchlets slender, pubescent, with white hairs. Leaves (Plate 267, Fig. 8), coriaceous, variable in size, from 1¼ inch long by ¾ inch wide to 2½ inches long by 1¼ inch wide, oval, acuminate at the apex, cuneate and unequal at the base, divided by the midrib into unequal halves, the larger half with six to eight nerves, the smaller half with four to seven nerves, each nerve ending in a long triangular tooth, tipped with a short cartilaginous point ; margin ciliate; upper surface dark green, with scattered white pubescence ; lower surface light green, with downy white pubescence, densest on the midrib and nerves; petiole, ⅛ inch to ¼ inch, pubescent. Buds, often two together in an axil, small, globose, pubescent. Fruit similar to that of Z. crenata, but slightly smaller in size.
This species, which resembles an elm in having asymmetrical oblique leaves, was considered by Schneider ' to be a peculiar variety of Udmus glabra, and is occasion- ally met with in cultivation, as Ulmus Verschaffeltii, and Ulmus pendula laciniata Pittcursii.
A tree, 15 feet high, in the nursery of the Paris Municipality, specimens of which have been sent us by M. Vacherot, produced flowers and fruit this year; and the fruit, hitherto unknown, proves to be that of a Zelkova. Z. Verschaffeltii is not known in the wild state, though Koehne? states that O. Kuntze collected specimens of Z. crenata in the Caucasus, which strongly resembled it. It is possibly a hybrid between Z. crenata and Z. cretica, and was first noticed by Dippel in 1892. (A.H.)
ZELKOVA CRENATA
- Zelkova crenata, Spach, Ann. Sc. Nat. xv. 358 (1841); Boissier, Fl. Orientalis, iv. 1159 (1879).
- Zelkova carpinifolia, Dippel, Laubholzkunde, ii. 38 (1892).
- Zelkova ulmoides, Schneider, Laubholzkunde, i. 806 (1906).
- Rhamnus ulmoides, Güldenstadt, Itin. i. 313 (1787).
- Rhamnus carpinifolius, Pallas, Fl. Rossica, i, 2, 24 (1788).
- Planera Richardi, Michaux, Fl. Bor. Am. ii. 248 (1803); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iii. 1409 (1838).
- Planera carpinifolia, Watson, Dendrol. Brit. 106, t. 106 (1825); Koch, Dendrol. ii. 1. 425 (1872).
- Planera crenata, Desfontaines, Cat. Hort. Paris (1829).
- Abelicea ulmoides, Kuntze, Rev. Gen. ii. 621 (1892); Schneider, Laubholzkunde, i, 224 (1904).
A tree attaining about 100 feet in height, and 15 feet in girth. Bark thin, smooth, greyish-brown, marked with persistent lenticels ; on older trees, scaling off in small
1 Laubholzkunde, i, 226 (1904).
2 Deutsche Dendrologie, 137 (1893).