Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/347

COMMERCE

295

Manufacture*. — The following table shows the number of establishments, the capital, the number of employees, and the amount of their salaries and wagee, the cost of materials, and the value of products in 1917, in various groups of industries. The totals for 1918 are also added.

Nam- Group of Industries. ber of Estab lish- Employees. Capital. Cost of materials. ments Number. Salaries and Wages. Value of products. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars.Dollars.

Food products 8,609 299,032,689 58,746 46,125,188 564,959,467 754,637,940 Textiles. 4,112 203,808,587 86,875 53,930,314 141,953,358 265,448,565

Iron and steel products||1,049||307,407,980||77,159||78,737,983||204,732,121||400,385,086 |Timber, lumber,etc.||4,463||289,169,396||98,962||68, 447,156||87,159,851||235,522,189 |Leather and products||1,249||224,176,986||47,746||39,898,894||51,219,102||148,596,426 |Paper and printing||1,819||68,447,156||76,315,861||21,167||15,524,311||61,303,948||104,804,689 |Liquors and beverages||433||48,178,985||5,395||4,864,231||12,859,171||20,935,226 |Chemicals and allied products||393||117,903,392||17,834||16,258,889||65,575,226||133,618,658 |Clay, glass, andstone products||913||79,420,372||12,077||10,805,254||5,408,152||82,374,060 |Metals and products not otherwise specified.||2,311||123,459,129||29,687||27,416,967||90,790,104||171,650,905 |Tobacco & manuf.||176||27,277,858||10,286||5,991,835||19,092,845||46,786,288 |Vehicles||970||219,766,079||53,554||49,623,964||102,258,684||197,488,770 |Vessels||201||42,966,932||13,161||13,885,061||13,385,578||37,244,678 |Hand trades||5,976||47,680,234||84,190||27,868,105||29,731,838||80,864,273 |Other||||2,378||680,385,347||108,121||90,814,387||155,301,195||386,420,242 |Totals,||1917||34,892||2,786,648,727||674,910||550,192,069||1,605,730,640||3,015,577,940 |Totals,||1918||35,745||2,891,782,291||666,869||599,971,003||1,732,969,101||3,182,440,759 |}

Note — This table includes all establishments, irrespective of the number of perions

employed.

The water power resources of Canada have been estimated at 20 million hone power. The plants existing in 1919 utilised about 2,400,000 horse power (Ontario, over a million, Quebec, 900,000, British Columbia, 300,000).

Commerce.

The customs tariff of Canada is protective, but there is a preferential tariff in favour of the United Kingdom and most of the colonies ; the duties on direct imports from the United Kingdom and the colonies, kc, being reduced, but alcoholic liquors, liquid medicines, tobacco, and refined sugar from raw sugar produced elsewhere than in British colonies, are excluded from the reduction.

The returns of values of imports and exports are those supplied in entries at the Customs, where imports must be entered for duty at their fair market value as for home consumption in the country of purchase. Quantities are ascertained from invoices and by examination, wines are gauged and spirits tested. The country whence imports are received is the country of purchase or whence shipment was made to Canada ; the country of destination is that to which shipment is made. Thus, Canadian wheat, purchased by New York dealers shipped to and entered in bond at New Tork, and thence exported to Great Britain, would appear only as exported from Canada to the United States. The only Canadian port where transit trade is recorded is Montreal, such trade comprising chiefly goods received from the United States and transhipped to other countries by the St. Lawrence route. Transit trade is not included in the general trade, which comprises all other imports into and exports from Canada. The term "special trade," in Canada, is applied to imports from Newfoundland which are exempt from duties leviable on similar ;»oods from other countries.

All export entries are delivered at the ' frontier port of exir,' and the totals thereof are credited to the respective ports where the goods rass Outward from Canada.