Page:Sewell Dikshit The Indian Calendar (1896) proc.djvu/120

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THE INDIAN CALENDAR.

The Catholic dates will be found in Professor R. Wüstenfeld's "Vergleichungs-Tabellen der Muhammadanischen und Christlichen Zeitrechnung" (Leipzic 1854).

To convert a date A.H. into a date A.D.

169. Rule I. Given a Muhammadan year, month, and date. Take down (w) the week-day number of the initial day of the given year from Table XVI., col. 2, and (d) the date-indicator in brackets given in col. 3 of the same Table (Art. 163 and 95 above.) Add to each the collective duration up to the end of the month preceding the one given, as also the moment of the given date minus 1 (Table in Art. 163 above). Of the two totals the first gives the day of the week by casting out sevens, and the second gives the day of the month with reference to Table IX.

Rule 2. Where the day indicated by the second total falls on or after February 29th in an English leap-year, reduce the total by one day.

Rule 3. For Old and New Style between Hijra 991 and 1165 see the preceding article.

Example 1. Required the English equivalent of 20th Muharram, A.H. 1260.

A.H. 1260 begins (Table XVI.) January 22nd, 1844.

	(w)	Col. 2	(d)	Col. 3
	2		22
Given date minus 1 =	19		19
	21		41	= (Table IX.) Feb. 10th.
Cast out sevens =	21
	0	= Saturday.

Answer.—Saturday, February 10th, A.D. 1844.

Example 2. Required the English equivalent of 9th Rajab, A.H. 1311.

A.H. 1311 begins July 15th, 1893.

	w.		d.
	0		196
9th Rajab = (177 + 8) =	185		185
7	185		381	= Jan. 16th, 1894.
	(26)	3 = Tuesday.

Answer.—Tuesday, January 16th, A.D. 1894.

This last example has been designedly introduced to prove the point we have insisted on viz., that care must be exercised in dealing with Muhammadan dates. According to Traill's Indian Diary, Comparative Table of Dates, giving the correspondence of English, Bengali, N.W. Fasali, "Samvat", Muhammadan, and Burmese dates, Rajab 1st corresponded with January 9th, and therefore Rajab 9th was Wednesday, January 17th, but Letts and Whitaker give Rajab 1st as corresponding with January 8th, and therefore Rajab 9th—Tuesday, January 16th, as by our Tables.