Page:Sewell Dikshit The Indian Calendar (1896) proc.djvu/110

above). The sum is the time of the astronomical beginning of the required month, and the month next following that given in col. 5, on the line of the next lowest number, is the month required.

Ascertain the day of the civil beginning of the current required month by the rules in Art. 28. When it falls on the same day as the saṅkrânti day, or the following, or the third day, respectively, subtract 1 from, or add 0 or 1 to, both (${\displaystyle d}$) and (${\displaystyle w}$). Subtract (${\displaystyle d}$) from the date-number of the given date. The remainder is the required Hindu day. Add that remainder, casting out sevens from it, to (${\displaystyle w}$). The sum is the week-day required.

From the Meshâdi year and the sign-name of the month thus found, any other corresponding Hindu year can be found by reference to Table III., Parts ii., and iii.

Observe the cautions contained in N.B. i. and ii. to Art. 151.

Example xix. Required the Tamil, Tinnevelly, and South and North Malayâḷam equivalents of 30th May, 1803 A.D. (See example 14, p. 76.)

The corresponding Meshâdi Śaka year current is 1726. Its Mesha saṅkrânti falls on April 11th (101), 2 Monday. The Ârya Siddhânta applies. (See Art. 21.)

			d.	w.	h.	m.
(Table I., cols. 13, 14, 17)			101	2	10	7
May 30th =	150	(Table IX.)
Deduct	101,	the (${\displaystyle d}$) of the initial day.
Intervening days	49
The number next below 49, (Table III., col. 7), for the end of Mesha and beginning of Vṛishabha, is 30, and we have			30	2	22	12
[Total of hours = 32. 1 day of 24 hours carried over to (${\displaystyle d}$) and (${\displaystyle w}$).] Astronomical beginning of Vṛishabha			132	5	8	19
By all South Indian reckonings, except that in the South Malayâḷam country, the month begins civilly on the same day as the saṅkrânti. Subtract, therefore, 1 from (${\displaystyle d}$) and (${\displaystyle w}$)			1	1
			131	4
Subtract 131 (${\displaystyle d}$) from the number of the given date			150
Remainder, 19, is the required date in the month of Vrishabha.			19
Add 19, casting out sevens, to (${\displaystyle w}$)				5
Required week-day				2

Answer.—Monday, 19th day of the month Vṛishabha, Tamil Vaigâśi, of Śaka 1726 current (1725 expired); Kali 4904 expired (Table I., or Table II., Part iii.); Tinnevelly Âṇḍu 978, Vaigâśi 19th; North Malayâḷam Âṇḍu 978, Eḍavam 19th.

The Vrishabha saṅkrânti took place 8 h. 19 m. after sunrise, viz., not within the first ⁠3/5⁠ths of the day. Therefore by the South Malayâḷam system the month Vṛishabha began civilly, not on (5) Thursday, but on the following day (6) Friday. Therefore we have to add or subtract nothing from 132 and 5. Subtracting 132 from 150, the remainder, 18th, is the required day. Adding (18 ÷ 7) to 5 (${\displaystyle w}$) we get (2) Monday as the required week-day. Therefore Monday 18th of Eḍavam, Kollam Âṇḍu 978, is the required South Malayâḷam equivalent.