Page:Sewell Dikshit The Indian Calendar (1896) proc.djvu/109

śîrsha. But Âśvina, which is prior to Mârgaśîrsha, was intercalated. Kârttika therefore is the required month. Pausha was expunged, but being later than Kârttika the result is not affected.

Answer.—Sunday, Kârttika (Telugu), or Jârde (Tuḷu) (Table II., Part ii.), kṛ. 3rd of the year Chitrabhânu, Śaka 1745 (1744 expired). Kali year 4923 expired.

Example xviii. Required the tithi and pûrṇimânta month in the Śaka year corresponding to 18th January, 1541 A.D.

The given date is prior to Chaitra śukla 1 in the given year. We take therefore the initial day in the previous year, A.D. 1540, which falls on Tuesday the 9th March (69). The corresponding Saka year is 1463 current.

			w.	a.	b.	c.
(Table I., cols. 20, 23, 24, 25)			3	108	756	229
18th January =	383	(Table IX.)
Add	1	for leap-year (N.B. ii., latter part.)
	384
Deduct	69	(The ${\displaystyle d}$. of the initial day.)
No. of intervening days	315.	= (by Table IV.)	0	6669	432	862
			3	6777	188	91
Equation for (${\displaystyle b}$) (188) (Table VI.)				269
Equation forDo. (${\displaystyle c}$) (91) (Do. VII.)				28
			3	7074	${\displaystyle =t}$.

The result gives us kṛishṇa 7th, Tuesday (3) (Table VIII.).

315 + ⁠315/60⁠ = 320 tithis. The next lower number to 320 in col. 3, Table III., is 300, which shews Pausha as preceding the required month, and the required month would therefore be Mâgha. Âśvina, however, which is prior to Mâgha, was intercalary in this year; Pausha, therefore, would be the required month; but it was expunged; Mâgha, therefore, becomes again the required month. Adhika Âśvina and kshaya Pausha being both prior to Mâgha, they do not affect the result. By Table II. amânta Mâgha kṛishṇa is pûrṇimânta Phâlguna kṛishṇa. Therefore pûrṇimânta Phâlguna kṛishṇa 7th, Tuesday, Śaka 1463 current, is the required date.

152. Given a year, month, and date A.D., write down from Table I. in a horizontal line the (${\displaystyle d}$) (${\displaystyle w}$) and (${\displaystyle h}$) (${\displaystyle m}$) (the time) of the Mesha saṅkrânti, by the Ârya or Sûrya-Siddhânta^[1] as the case may require, of the Hindu Meshâdi year, remembering that if the given day A.D. is earlier than the Mesha saṅkranti day in that year the previous^[2] Hindu year must be taken. Subtract the date-indicator of the Mesha saṅkrânti day from the date-number of the given date (Table IX.), remembering that if the Mesha saṅkrânti time of the previous Hindu year is taken the number to be taken from Table IX. is that on the right-hand side, and not that on the left (see also Art. 151, N.B. ii.); the remainder is the number of days which intervened between the Mesha saṅkrânti and the given day. Find from Table III., cols. 6, 7, 8 or 9, as the case may be, the number next below that number of intervening days. Write its three quantities (${\displaystyle d}$), (${\displaystyle w}$), and the time of the saṅkrânti (h. m.), under their respective heads, and add together the three quantities separately (See Art. 149