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(2) er mwyn ‘for the sake of, on account of, in order to’; er fy mwyn ‘for my sake’, etc.
- Er dy fwyn yr ydwyf fi
- Mewn eira yma ’n oeri.—D.G. 107.
‘It is on thy account that I am shivering here in snow.’
As a noun mwyn meant ‘value, enjoyment’, but except in the above phrase was generally replaced by mwynẏant in Ml. W.; thus in r.b. 963, Ni wybyẟir mwyn (v.l. mwynẏant 1076) fynnawn yny el yn yspiẟ (ẟispyẟ 1076) ‘the value of a well will not be known until it goes dry’. As an adj. mwyn means ‘gentle, kind, dear’, and is still in use; cf. E. dear ‘costly’ and ‘loved’.
mwyn ‘value’ < *mei-no‑, √mei- ‘exchange, barter’: Lat. mūnus, mūnia.
(3) ymysg (ỿmɥ́sg) ‘in the midst of; yn eu mysg ‘in their midst’; o’n mysg ‘out of our midst’; i’ch mysg ‘into your midst’; emysc hynny w.m. 33 ‘in the midst of that’ i.e. those happenings; o fysg, i fysg.
mysg: W. mysgu § 96 iii (5). The idea is ‘mixed up with’; and there seems no need for Henry’s attempt, s.v. emesk, to connect the word with *medhi̯o‑.
(4) yn w͡ysg ‘in the track of, after’, Ml. W. yn eu hwysc see below, yn wysc ẏ benn w.m. 55 ‘after his head’, i.e. head foremost. Mn. W. yn wysg fy mhen, yn wysg dy drwyn, yn wysg i gefn, etc.
Mae yr aniveileit yẟ aethawch yn eu hwysc? w.m. 86 ‘Where are the animals which you went after?’
w͡ysg ‘*track’ implies *ei..sk‑, and seems like a case of metath. of i̯ § 100 v (? *ped-ski̯o‑: Gk. πεδά ‘μέτα’, Lat. pēs ‘foot’, etc.).
(5) yn ethryb ‘because of’, o ethryb id. J.D.R. [xiv].
- Pellynnic vyg khof yg̃ kyntevin
- Yn ethrip caru Kaerwys vebin.—G., w. 7b.
‘My mind is far away this Spring, on account of loving the maid of Caerwys.’
ethryb ‘causa, occasio’ D.D. s.v. seems to contain *‑əqu̯- affected § 69 ii (4); perhaps as a noun-suff. added to *n̥ter- (*enter § 214 vi); ‘circumstance’ (?).
(6) yn ôl ‘after’, yn dy ôl ‘after thee’; ar ôl ‘after’, ar eu hôl or ar eu holau ‘after them’; o’m hôl ‘behind me’, i’th ôl ‘after thee’.
All in common use. ôl § 149 i.
