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gadarn w.m. 11, Mn. W. yr afael ‘the hold’; and cerẟed in y gerẟet honno r.m. 183; so adeilad f. ‘building’, cyfeddach f. as y gyfeddach. Doubtless rhedeg, ehedeg, etc. were originally f.; O.W. trited retec cp. ‘third (f.) course’.
But since v.n.’s were made mas., abstract nouns of the same form have tended to follow them. Thus gwasanaeth ‘service’ is mas., because the same form continued in use as a v.n., § 203 i (1). Similarly hiraeth mas. ‘longing’, see ib.
Verbal Adjectives.
§ 206. i. Verbal adjectives are formed from the stem of the verb either without a suffix or with the suffixes ‑edig, ‑adwy and in Ml. W. ‑awt, ‑ediw. The last two suffixes are rare, even in Ml. W.; only a few verbs have suffixless v.a.’s; but all regular transitive verbs may have v.a.’s in ‑edig and ‑adwy. The former has usually the sense of a past pass. participle, the latter of a fut. pass. part, or gerundive.
ii. Suffixless: plan E.P. ps. cxxxvii 2 ‘planted’, verb plannaf ‘I plant’; prȳ̆n ‘bought’ vb. prynaf; cwsg ‘sleeping’ in bardd cwsg, vb. cysgaf; llosg in marwor llosg ‘burning embers’, vb. llosgaf; tawẟ ‘melting’ r.m. 169, Ps. lviii 8, ‘molten’ Lev. xix 4.
iii. Suff. ‑edig, Ml. W. ‑edic: darparedic w.m. 23 ‘prepared’, bendicetic l.l. 121 ‘blessed’, emelldicetic ib. ‘accursed’, lladdedig ‘killed’, gweledig ‘seen’, caredic w.m. 37 ‘loved’, Mn. W. caredig ‘kind’, crwydredig ‘wandering’.
iv. Suff. ‑awt: guit gvyrhaud (≡ gw̯ɥẟ gw͡yrhawd) b.b. 89 ‘trees [are] bent’; At(wyn) lloer llewychawt b.t. 9 ‘sweet [is the] moon shining’.
v. Suff. ‑adwy: dywedadwy § 169 iv (1) ‘to be said’; credadwy c.m. 21 ‘to be believed, credible’; moladwy b.t. 71 ‘to be praised, praiseworthy’; ofnadwy ‘terrible’, vb. ofnaf ‘I fear’; cyraeddadwy ‘attainable’, vb. cyrhaeẟaf ‘I reach’; safadwy ‘stable’, vb. safaf ‘I stand’. ‑ediw is a variant of ‑adwy: molediw § 169 v (4).
vi. Suff. ‑ad in crwydrad ‘wandering’. ‑aid in honnaid, as bit honneit § 222 x (2), vb. honnaf ‘I publish.’
