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b.t. 27, usually cysgu ‘to sleep’; cadvid (≡ cadw͡yd) b.b. 62, cadw͡yd w. 10a, usually cadw̯ ‘to keep’; ymchwelut w.m. 10, 14, s.g. 23 ‘to turn’, ymchoelut c.m. 5. There is some confusion, even in Ml. W., of this suff. and ‑yt; thus the last word is written ymchoelyt in r.m. 7. In Mn. W. dywedut is spelt dywedyd; but G.J. wrote dywedud Hyff. Gynnwys, p. iv.
(5) ‑yd, Ml. ‑yt, in kymryt, diffryt § 195 ii; etvryt c.m. 24 ‘to restore’, edryt r.b.b. 6 (by § 110 iii (3)), Mn. W. edfryd d.p.o. 132, mostly replaced by adfer in the late period, vb. adferaf; ymoglyt w.m. 104 ‘to beware’, re-formed as ymogelyd in Mn. W.; gochlyt Ỻ.A. 26, beside gochel ib., r.b.b. 106 ‘to avoid’, Mn. W. gochel, vb. gochelaf; diengyt Ỻ.A. 72 (Gwyn. dial. déŋŋid) beside diang ib., Mn. W. dianc ‘to escape’.
(6) ‑d, Ml. ‑t, in Ml. W. dilit w.m. 41, r.m. 28 ‘to stick to, follow’ (also written dilyt w.m. 41, § 77 iii, and later assumed to have ‑y‑, but this is an error, the older rhymes having ‑i‑, as llid m.a. i 408), verb dilynaf ‘I follow’, whence in Mn. W. the v.n. dilyn, also dilin D.G. 343; Ml. W. erlit w.m. 16, Mn. W. erlid ‘to chase, persecute’, vb. erlynaf; in Mn. W. a new vb. erlidiaf is formed from the v.n., and a new v.n. erlyn from the vb.; ymlit w.m. 14 ‘to chase’ from which a denom. was already formed in Ml. W., e.g. r.m. 64; bod ‘to be’ § 189 iv (6).
(7) ‑s, for ẟ in the stem, in go(r)ẟiwes, vb. go(r)ẟiweẟaf § 194 vi, Mn. W. v.n. goddiwes, late goddiweddyd; aros, verb arhoaf for *arhoẟaf § 187.
A megys nat ymoẟiweẟ un creadur a Duw, ac ef yn ymoẟiwes a phob peth … Ỻ.A. 10 ‘And as no creature apprehends God, and He apprehending everything…’
(8) Verbal nouns were formed in Ar. by means of suffixes *‑tu- (: Lat. supine ‑tu‑), and *‑ti‑; Kelt, had also f. *‑tā, § 189 iv (6). The preceding vowel is generally, but not always, R-grade.—adeilad ‘to build’ = adeilad f. ‘a building’ < *ati-eglatā < *‑ə‑tā.—‑eit may be from a dat. *‑atī < *‑ə‑tiai.—‑et < *‑i‑tā; as yfed ‘to drink’ < *pibi-tā, √pōi‑; also from *‑e-to‑, *‑e-tā, cf. § 143 iii (12).—The y of ‑yt comes from the i of *ri, *li representing Ar. *r̥, *l̥; thus corresponding to cymeraf ‘I take’ < *kom-bher- with F-grade *bher‑, the v.n. had R-grade *bhr̯‑, as *kom-bhr̯-tu- > W. cymryd; so goglyt < *u̯o-k̑l̯-tu‑, √k̑el‑ ‘hide’. The ‑y- tended to spread from these.—The v.n. dilit is a similar formation, < *dē-lī-tu‑, where *‑lī- is R²-grade of √lei̯āˣ‑ ‘to stick’; the vb. dilynaf < *dē-linā-mi, with n-infix § 201 i (4). The verb *lynaf (: Ir. lenim) disappeared in W., and its compounds, as erlyn