Page:Morris-Jones Welsh Grammar 0121.png

This page has been proofread, but needs to be validated.

§ 83

VOWEL AFFECTION

121

seems to be a variant of y, chosen for the f. on the analogy of the usual f. e caused by affection.

ii. Ultimate i-affection, § 69, § 76 v.

No.	Unaffected.		Affected.		Examples.
1	a	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	ai or	ei		brân, brain; bardd, beirdd; dal, deil
1	a			ɥ		tafarn, tefeirn or tefɥrn
2	ae		ai			draen, drain; cỿrraedd, cỿrraidd
3	e	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	ɥ		$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	angel, engɥl; ateb, etɥb; seren, sŷr
4	o					agor, egɥr; ffon, ffɥn
5	w					asgwrn, esgɥrn; swrth, sɥrth
6	oe		w͡y			oen, ŵɥn; croen, crŵɥn
7	aw	$\scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right.}$	au or	eu		taw, tau; taraw, Ml. W. tereu
7	aw			ɥ		taraw, Mn. W. terɥ

The change occurs only in the ultima. a or o in the penult becomes e § 69 vi. Final w, being originally consonantal, does not count as a syllable for the purposes of affection: marw ‘dead’, pl. meirw.

As to the forms ai and ei of No. 1, see § 81 iii (1); the form ɥ occurs only in the unaccented ultima, § 69 ii (3).

The form ɥ of No. 7 is not a phonetic development of eu, but is due to false analogy; when taraw had become taro the 3rd sing. pres. ind. terɥ was formed from the latter on the model of agor: egɥr. See § 173 iv (3).

iii. Penultimate affection, § 70. The affecting sound is usually preserved in the ultima, but has in some cases disappeared, § 70 iv.

No.	Unaffected	before	is affected to	Examples.
1	a	i̥	ei	mab, meibion; cym-ar, ‑heiri̯aid
2	e	i̥	ei	gorwedd, gorweiddi̯og
3	a	i or ɥ	e	truan, trueni; plant, plentɥn
4	ae	i or i̯	ei	gwaedd, gweiddi; draen, dreini̯og
5	ae	ɥ	eɥ	caer, ceɥrɥdd; saeth, seɥthɥdd
6	ae	u	eu	aeth, euthum
7	aw	i or ɥ	ew	taw, tewi, tewɥch; cawr, cewri