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his father, he wrote "History of British Conquests in India," 1852; "History and State of the Indian Archipelago," 1853; and a "Life of Christopher Columbus." He has been connected with the London press for many years, both as a leader writer and a special correspondent in many parts of Europe. Mr. St. John married the daughter of Mr. Thomas Roscoe, and grand-daughter of William Roscoe, of Liverpool, the well-known historian. Mrs. Horace St. John published a "Life of Audubon," a "Life of Masaniello," and an essay entitled "Englishwomen and the Age."

ST. JOHN, Percy Bolingbroke, born at Plymouth, March 4, 1821, is the eldest son of the late Mr. James Augustus St. John, whom he accompanied in his continental wanderings, and chose at an early age the profession of literature. After writing one book and various magazine articles, he started for America, and after some travels by sea and land he entered upon his career as a writer, chiefly of Indian tales, for Chambers's Journal, and as a lecturer on Texas and Mexico. In 1847 he became correspondent in Paris of the North British Daily Mail, which position he held until the election of Louis Napoleon as president, when his hostility to the future emperor induced him to leave Paris. Before the Crimean war he was active in the cause of the Greeks, and with Mr. Gladstone, Richard Cobden, and Michel Chevalier, received a vote of thanks from the Greek Houses of Parliament. Since then he has chiefly been a contributor of fiction to various periodicals, but is best known as the author of Indian tales, and some thirty volumes of novels. He is also a frequent lecturer on his own personal adventures, French politics, and literature. Among his works may be mentioned "The Young Naturalist's Book of Birds," "Trapper Bride," "Three Days of February," "Paul Peabody," "Miranda," "Arctic Crusoe," "Quadroona," "The Young Buccaneer," "The Snow Ship; or, the Canadian Boy Emigrants," "The North Pole, and how to reach it," "The Red Queen," "The Slave Mother," and "Lobster Salad." He is now editor of Dick's "Standard Library of Fiction."

ST. JOHN, Sir Spencer, K.C.M.G., third son of the late Mr. James Augustus St. John, born in London, Dec. 22, 1826, after receiving a careful education, began to turn his attention towards the East, and having applied himself diligently to the study of the Malay language, was, in 1848, appointed secretary to Sir James Brooke. He resided in Borneo several years as H.M. Consul-General, and received in 1861 the apointment of Chargé d'Affaires to the republic of Hayti. On returning to this country in 1862, he published an account of his Eastern residence and travels, entitled "Life in the Forests of the Far East." Early in 1863 he left England for a consular appointment in the West Indies, and some years later was promoted to the post of Minister Resident and Consul-General in Hayti. About the same time he was accredited also as Chargé d'Affaires to the Dominican Republic. In 1874 he was appointed Minister Resident and Consul-General at Lima, and in 1875 he proceeded on a special mission to Bolivia. In March, 1881, he was appointed Minister Resident to the Republic of Peru, on which occasion he was created a K.C.M.G. Sir Spencer St. John, who is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical and Asiatic Societies, published, in 1879, "The Life of Sir James Brooke, Rajah of Saráwak."

ST. JOHN'S, KAFFRARIA, Bishop of. (See Callaway, Dr.)

SAINT-VALLIER, Charles Raymond de la Croix de Chevrières, Comte de, a French Senator and diplomatist, descended from