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was formed by the survey and construction of the Inter-Colonial Railway, undertaken by Mr. Fleming at the request of the Government of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick, in conjunction with the Imperial anthorities. The 1st of July, 1876 — the natal day of the Dominion — saw the completion of this great work, an historical account of which Mr. Fleming published in the same year. While the " Inter-Colonial" was under construction, Mr. Fleming was ordered to survey and locate the line for the Pacific Railway, a task which he partly accomplished in 1872, and a record of which, besides the Engineer-in-Chief's Reports to the Government, is embodied in Principal Grant's interesting narrative, entitled "Ocean to Ocean." For the next seven years Mr. Fleming actively prosecuted this enterprise, and for his services was rewarded by being made a Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George. In 1879, owing to some difficulty with the government of the day, he resigned his office, and the Dominion lost the services of an able and experienced engineer. He has contributed many scientific papers to periodicals and the Transactions of learned societies, among which is a proposal for the establishment of a new prime meridian for the world, 180 from Greenwich. In 1880, Mr. Fleming was elected Chancellor of Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario.

FLEURY, Emile Felix, a French General, born in Paris, Dec. 23, 1815, studied at the College Bollin, but having met with pecuniary reverses, accepted an engagement in Nov. 1837, in the corps of Spahis, then just formed, and took part in eleven campaigns in Algeria, during which he was three times wounded and five times commended in "orders of the day." His advancement was rapid. He became Sub-Lieutenant in 1840, Captain in 1844, and Major in July, 1848, when he returned to France, and became a General of Brigade, March 18, 1856, and General of Division, Aug. 13, 1863. He embraced with ardour the Bonapartist cause, and was wounded in the head in the disturbance which followed the coup d'état, a movement in which it is said he took a prominent if not actually a leading part. On the establishment of the Empire he was nominated aide-de-camp to the Emperor, Colonel of the Guides, and Grand Equerry of the Crown. He was promoted Officer of the Legion of Honour in 1849, and Grand Officer, Aug. 13, 1859. Summoned to the Senate by decree, March 15, 1865, he became Chief Equerry to Napoleon III. in Dec., 1865. He received the Grand Cross of St. Anne in 1864. General Fleury has been employed in several diplomatic missions. In particular he was sent, at the close of 1866, to King Victor Emmanuel, after the annexation of Venetia, and in Sept., 1869, he was chosen to replace M. de Talleyrand as ambassador at St. Petersburg. He resigned the latter post immediately after the revolution in Paris, in Sept., 1870, and proceeded to Switzerland with Madame Fleury and his children. He was placed on the retired list of the Army in Oct. 1879.

FLINT, Austin, M.D., born at Petersham, Massachusetts, Oct. 20, 1812. He was educated at Harvard College, where he graduated M.D. in 1833. He practised his profession in Buffalo, New York, where he rose to eminence, and was one of the founders of the Buffalo Medical College in 18 i7. He was called some years later to the chair of Theory and Practice of Physic, in one of the medical colleges of Philadelphia, and in 1861 became Professor of the Principles and Practice of Medicine and of Clinical Medicine in the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York, and of Pathology and Practical Medicine in the Long