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youngest daughter of the late Mr. Henry Bannerman, of Manchester, and was born in 1836. He was educated at the University of Glasgow, and at Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A. 1868; M.A. 1861). In 1872 he assumed the additional surname of Bannerman, under the will of his uncle, Mr. Henry Bannerman, of Hunton Court, Kent. Mr. Campbell-Bannerman, who is a magistrate for the counties of Lanark and Kent, has represented the Stirling district of boroughs in the Liberal interest since Dec, 1868; he was Financial Secretary at the War Office from 1871 to 1874; was again appointed to that office in 1880; and in May, 1882, was nominated to succeed Mr. Trevelyan as Secretary to the Admiralty. He married in 1860 Charlotte, daughter of the late Major-General Sir Charles Bruce, K.C.B.

CAMPHAUSEN, Otto, a German statesman, born at Hünshoven, near Aix-la-Chapelle, in 1812. He studied at the Gymnasium of Cologne, and the Universities of Bonn, Heidelberg, Munich, and Berlin. In 1834 he entered the Civil Service; in 1837 he became an Auditor; in 1841. a Rath; in 1845 a Geheimrath, or Privy Councillor of Finance. His first important legislative work was the preparation of the Income Tax Act, which was laid before the Prussian Landtag in 1847. In 1848 he became a diplomat on a small scale, being attached to the Prussian delegation at Frankfort-on-the-Main, which watched over the acts of Reichsverweser Archduke John of Austria. In 1858 he became Superior Privy Councillor of Finance. For a few years he served as President of the See-Handung, an institution which administered funds furnished by the State for the support and encouragement of commerce. Baron von der Heydt relinquished the portfolio of Finance in 1869, and Camphausen became his successor. He held that post till Nov., 1873, and from the latter date till March, 1878, he was Vice-President of the Ministry of State. He was a member of the Prussian Landtag from 1849 to 1852, and of the Erfurt Parliament. He was created a member of the Chamber of Peers in 1860, and he became a delegate to the Federal Council in 1870.

CAMPHAUSEN, William, painter, born at Düsseldorf, Feb. 8, 1810, manifested from his earliest years a love of drawing, and after completing his college studies, entered the academy of his native town. Being fond of painting horses and battles, he for some years joined a regiment of hussars to study his subjects close at hand, and made long tours in Belgium, Holland, Switzerland, Italy, and Germany. "The Puritans watching the Enemy" exhibits knowledge of design, able composition, and softness of colour. Many of his subjects are taken from English History; such as "Removal of Prisoners belonging to Cromwell's Party," "Cavaliers and Roundheads," "Charles II. in the Retreat from Worcester," "Pillage of an English Castle by Cromwell's Soldiers," and "Charles I. at the battle of Naseby." He has painted the two pictures of "Prince Eugène at Belgrade" and "Godfrey de Bouillon at Ascalon," besides producing numerous drawings for illustrated publications, and among others for the Düsseldorf Monthly Almanack.

CANDOLLE, Alphonse Louis Pierre Pyramus de, the eminent botanist of Geneva, was born at Paris, Oct. 27, 1806, being the son of the celebrated Augustin de Candolle, who died in 1841. He went through a course of study in literature and Science at Geneva, and then turned his attention to law, of which faculty he was admitted a doctor in 1829. Finally, however, he made botany his exclusive study, and became first the assistant and