Page:Material Culture of the Iglulik Eskimos.djvu/38

constructed by comparing the observations of the earlier expeditions: In spring, tents are pitched on the ice, the islands and the points in the bay, the big winter settlements being evacuated and the blubber being stored in skin bags. Caribou are killed at the passes. In July, many leave the ice and proceed to the salmon rivers; but seal hunting is continued until the ice breaks up. A large number of seals and walruses are caught in the open water and are cached for the winter; whales are sometimes caught too. In September. most of them go to Fig. 3.The old summer settlement Aivilik. the lakes and rivers, especially to North Pole Lake, to hunt caribou and musk oxen; other important caribou-hunting grounds are west of Repulse Bay and near Lyon Inlet. Depots of caribou meat are formed. In January most of them gather together in one big settlement, which is built at Hall Island, Naujan, Inuksulik or some other place in the bay; here they live principally on the summer depots. Towards the end of March the winter settlements are left and the inhabitants scatter for the seal hunting and salmon fishing.

Conditions now are rather changed, partly owing to the fact that the trading station has been established (near Naujan on the north coast), and partly as result of the kayak having been replaced by the whaleboat, also that the caribou has retreated further into the interior as a result of the widespread use of guns, and that whales (and to some extent walruses) have disappeared.

The summer is now principally spent at Beach Point, where