Page:Japan by the Japanese (1904).djvu/530

working expenses are subdivided into maintenance expenses, traction expenses, traffic expenses, and various miscellaneous charges.

From the above figures it is easily seen that there has been a considerable increase in the traffic receipts during these thirty years. In fact, when we compare the traffic receipts, working expenses, and net profits of the thirty-fourth year with those of the sixth year, the former show an increase of eleven, ten, and twelve times respectively. Working out this rate per average operating mile, the following figures are obtained:

The proportion that the profits for the thirty-fourth year bear to the original capital is, on an average, 8.4 per cent. in the Government railways, and 8.2 per cent. in the private railway companies. Its mean value is therefore 8.3 per cent.

Compared with other countries, the Japanese railway profits stand highest of all:

Country.	Year.			Percentage of Profits to Capital.
France …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …	1900			4.21
England …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …	1900			3.41
Germany …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …	${\displaystyle \scriptstyle {\left\{{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right.}}$	1900	${\displaystyle \scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}}$	6.00
		1901

It is very important to see the proportion of working expenses to traffic receipts. In our country the working expenses per 100 yen of traffic receipts are as below: