Page:Japan by the Japanese (1904).djvu/178

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JAPAN BY THE JAPANESE

3. Designing of Engines and Machinery. 4. Naval Architecture. 5. Construction of Ordnance.

Second Part.—1. Theory of Steam Engineering. 2. Kinematics of Machinery. 3. Strength of Material. 4. Resistance and Propulsion. 5. Hydrodynamics and Hydraulic Machinery. 6. Electricity and Electric Machinery and Apparatus.

Preparatory Subjects.—Mathematics. Dynamics. Physics. Chemistry. Metallurgy.

Optional Subjects.—Criminal Law of the Navy. Modern Languages. Photography.

Officers choosing the optional course may select any of the subjects enumerated above, but the selection thereof must be made at the time of application.

The expenditure for the Japanese Imperial navy is divided into two classes: ordinary expenditure and extraordinary expenditure. The ordinary expenditure is for the maintenance of the navy, and the extraordinary expenditure for construction and new establishments.

Besides the ordinary and extraordinary expenditure, the navy has special funds for the shipbuilding and ordnance materials, which are divided among the dockyards and arsenals as follows:

Shipbuilding Material Fund.—Yokosuka, 1,060,000 yen; Kure, 860,000 yen; Sasebo, 860,000 yen. It is intended to increase this fund to 6,500,000 yen in aggregate.

Ordnance Fund.—Kure, 805,000 yen; Tokyo, 240,000 yen; Yokosuka, 142,000 yen; Sasebo, 135,000 yen; Shimose powder factory, 45,000 yen. This sum is to be increased to 3,000,000 yen in aggregate.

  1. The following table gives a comparison between Japan and other countries of the proportion of naval expenditure to the mercantile marine per ton, and to the total trade per cent.:
    Naval Expenditure
    on Sea-going
    Vessels.
    Per Ton of
    Mercantile
    Marine.
    Per Cent. of
    Oversea
    Total Trade.
    £ £
    British Empire
    …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …
    33,988,280 03.12 12.5
    Russia
    …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …
    09,944,752 15.70 12.6
    Germany
    …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …
    09,624,000 04.95 11.8
    France
    …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …
    13,356,102 12.00 14.2
    Spain
    …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …
    01,437,688 01.90 12.4
    Italy
    …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …
    04,666,098 04.67 15.9
    Austria
    …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …
    01,812,117 07.00 17.0
    United States
    …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …
    16,012,433 18.00 13.3
    Japan
    …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …          …
    03,711,526 04.30 16.2