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hidden treasures of the earth Shatravar is asked to grant wealth;^[1] and in the final battle between good and evil he will assail his adversary Sovar and destroy him.^[2]

It is interesting to note that Shatravar appears in the Pazend form Shahrevar on the coins of the Indo-Scythian kings Kanishka and Huvishka as early as the latter part of the first century.

Her work. She is perfect-minded, wise, and of efficacious eyes.^[3] She gives bodily strength and vigour unto man,^[4] and has the lodgment in man's will.^[5] Any one who entertains her as his guest becomes truly devotional,^[6] The advice of this female archangel is that one should consult a good man, when one is in doubt as to good or evil deed, for, just as the swiftest horse sometimes requires a whip and the sharpest knife a whetstone, so even the wisest man needs counsel.^[7]

As the genius of earth,^[8] Spandarmad rejoices when the faithful cultivate waste land and rear cattle upon it, or when a virtuous son is born upon it.^[9] But she is grieved when a robber or a tyrant treads over her sacred face.^[10] Even as a mother carrying her dead child in her bosom is in grief and sorrow, so does Spandarmad suffer when wicked persons trample on her breast.^[11] The genius of earth trembles like a sheep that sees a wolf, when the corpse of a wicked one is interred in her.^[12] When a corpse is buried in the ground she is shocked, as when one discovers a serpent or a scorpion in his bed.^[13] Even walking with bare foot upon the ground injures her.^[14] Spandarmad's earth bears on her bosom high mountains, and rivers and oceans;