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EVIL

Duzhyairya.[1] He keeps her in bonds as a thousand men would keep one man, and if Tishtrya were not to keep her in check she would extinguish the life of the entire material world.[2] Mithra withstands the Pairikas.[3]

The recital of the Ahuna Vairya and Airyaman Ishya prayers routs the fairies.[4] Zarathushtra asks Ahura Mazda to declare the divine name of his by the utterance of which he may smite the demons and fairies.[5] Ahura Mazda thereupon declares that the recital of his holy names is most efficacious for routing the evil ones.[6] Haurvatat, Haoma, Ardvi Sura, Tishtrya, Mithra, Vayu, the Fravashis, sun, waters, and trees are invoked to give power to withstand the seductive attacks of the Pairikas.[7] Haoshyangha and Takhma Urupi overpowered and ruled over them.[8]

The Yatus, or sorcerers, usually associate with this class of evil beings.[9] The faithful declare in the Confession of the Faith that they abjure the sorcerers and those addicted to the sorcerers.[10] Ahura Mazda's names, and the most efficacious prayers Ahuna Vairya, Ashem Vohu, Yenghe Hatam, and Airyaman Ishya rout the sorcerers.[11] The recital of the hymn to Sraosha frightens and forces them to flee.[12] The prayers and sacrifices unto the fire,[13] the sun,[14] Vayu,[15] Tishtrya,[16] Haoma,[17] enable the faithful to disable the sorcerers. The Fravashi of King Haosrava is invoked to rout them.[18] King Takhma Urupi subdued them.[19] They failed in their attempts to compass the death of Zarathushtra.[20] The West has derived the term magic from Magi, the priestly class of the ancient

  1. Yt. 8. 36, 51, 53–55.
  2. Yt. 8. 54, 55.
  3. Yt. 10. 26.
  4. Yt. 3. 5; 11. 6; Vd. 20. 12.
  5. Yt. 1. 6.
  6. Yt. 1. 10, 11.
  7. Ys. 9. 18; 16. 8; 68. 8; Yt. 4. 4; 5. 26; 6. 4; 10. 34; 13. 104, 135; 15. 12; Sr. 2. 13.
  8. Yt. 19. 26, 28, 29.
  9. See Frachtenberg, Allusions to Witchcraft and other primitive beliefs in Dastur Hoshang Memorial Volume, p. 398–453; Franklin, Allusions to the Persian Magic in Classical Latin Writers, ib., p. 520–534.
  10. Ys. 12. 4.
  11. Ys. 61. 3; Yt. 1. 6; 3. 5, 9, 12, 16.
  12. Yt. 11. 6.
  13. Vd. 8. 80.
  14. Yt. 6. 4.
  15. Yt. 15. 56.
  16. Sr. 2. 13.
  17. Ys. 9. 18.
  18. Yt. 13. 135.
  19. Yt. 19. 29.
  20. Yt. 8. 44.