Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 25.djvu/90

76

C A L C A L

CALAURIA, island, Greece, xix. 521;

amphictyony of, I. 773. CALAVERAS, California, U.S.A., gigantic

trees of, xxi. 674; xxm. 810. CALBE-ON-THE-SAALE, town, Prussia,

xiii. 826. CALCAR, John de, German painter, iv.

653-

CALCAREA, class of sponges, xxn. 421. CALCAREOUS SPAR, iv. 653. CALCAREOUS SPRINGS, x. 270. CALCEDON (Chalcedon), ancient town,

Asia Minor, v. 371. CALCEDONY, or Chalcedony, precious

stone, I. 277; xvi. 389; xvn. 776;

xxi. 310. CALCEOLARIA, greenhouse plant, xn.

262.

CALCHAS, Greek soothsayer, iv. 653. CALCHEDON (Chalcedon), town, Asia

Minor, v. 371. CALCISPONGES, xxn. 418. CALCITE, mineral, x. 228; xvi. 396. CALCIUM, chemical element, v. 525;

xiv. 647; as plant food, xix. 49. FLUORIDE (Fluor-spar), mineral,

IX. 349.

CALCOPHYLLITE, mineral, xvi. 407. CALC-SPAR, mineral, iv. 653; xiv. 647;

xvi. 396. CALCULATING MACHINES, iv. 654;

Babbage s, in. 178. CALCULATION, Arithmetical, n. 526. CALCULUS, concretion in the bladder,

xxiv. 189.

, Infinitesimal, Xin. 5; claims of.

Leibnitz and Newton to the discovery

of, xiv. 419; xvn. 446; differential,

Xin. 13; integral, xiii. 33.

OF FUNCTIONS, ix. 823. OF VARIATIONS, xxiv. 85; due to

Lagrange, xiv. 207. CALCUTTA, capital of India, iv. 656;

rise of, XII. 800; jute trade of, xin.

801; libraries, Xiv. 533; newspapers,

xvn. 432; university, xxm. 856. CALDANI, Leopold Marco Antonio,

Italian anatomist, iv. 659. CALDAS, Brazil, hot springs of, iv.

223.

DE MOMBUY, Spain, mineral

water of, xvi. 434. CALDEIRAS, boiling fountains, Azores,

in. 171. CALDER, Sir Robert, British admiral,

iv. 659. CALDERON, Serafin Estebanez, Spanish

satirist, xxn. 361. DE LA BARCA, Pedro, Spanish

dramatist, iv. 659; vn. 422; xxn.

359-

CALDERWOOD, David, Scottish historian, iv. 66 i.

CALDICOT CASTLE, Monmouth, Eng land, xvi. 754.

CALDIERO, Italy, Battle of (1796), in. 131-

CALE (Oporto), ancient seaport, Portugal,

xvn. 795. CALEB WILLIAMS, Godwin s novel, x.

718. CALEDONIA, ancient Northern Britain,

iv. 662; xxi. 471.

, Chalmers s work, v. 373.

, Canada, mineral water of, XVI.

436.

CALEDONIAN CANAL, iv. 787. CALEDONITE, mineral, xvi. 402. CALENBERG, principality, Hanover, IV.

664. CALENDAR, iv. 664; v. 711; reformation

of, by Cresar and Sosigenes, IV. 638;

xxn. 276; by Gregory XIII., XI. 178;

Accadian, in. 191; Burmese, iv. 555;

Egyptian, vn. 728 ; French Republican,

IX. 606; Gregorian, or New Style, IV.

671; ancient Mexican, I. 695; xvi.

212; Nepalese, xvn. 343; Siamese,

xxi. 853.

CALENDARIO, Filippo, Venetian archi tect and conspirator, xxiv. 153. CALENDER, machine for dressing cloth,

iv. 682; for glossing paper, xvni.

224. CALENDERING, in cloth bleaching, in.

819. CALENDS, first day of the Roman month,

iv. 665.

CALENDULA, genus of plants, xv. 544. CALEPINO, Ambrogio, Italian lexico grapher, IV. 683; his polyglott dic tionary, Vlll. 843. CALF OF MAN, islet, Irish Sea, xv.

450.

CALF SKINS, for tanning, xiv. 380, 386. CALHOUN, John Caklwell, American

politician and orator, iv. 683; I. 722;

xxm. 762, 764, 770. CALIARI, Carlo, Italian painter, xxiv.

174. , Paolo (Veronese), Italian painter,

xxiv. 173.

CALIBRATION, of thermometers, xxm. 289.

CALICHE, nitrate of soda, xvn. 518.

CALICO, cotton cloth, vi. 488, 500.

CALICO-PRINTING, iv. 684.

CALICUT, town, India, iv. 693.

CALIFORNIA, State, U.S.A., iv. 694; topography of, xxm. 801 ; population, xxm. 802; discovery of, by Hernan Cortes, VI. 442; surveyed by Alarcon, I. 442; aborigines of, xn. 826; birds, in. 752; marine fishes, xn. 679; forests, IX. 405; gold, X. 743; mines, xvi. 470; opium cultivation, xvn. 792; sulphur mines, XXII. 634; trees, xxm. 809 ; wine industry, xxiv. 611.

, Gulf of, xvni. 116; pearl fisheries,

xvni. 447.

, Lower, state, Mexico, xvi. 214.

CALIFORNIAN TOAD, lizard, xiv. 736.

CALIGRAPHY, xvni. 143; xxm. 682.

CALIGULA, Caius Ca?sar, Romanemperor,

IV. 706; XX. 772, 775; as Antichrist,

n. 124.

, Palace of, at Rome, xx. 823. CALINGA, ancient kingdom, India, xin.

829.

CALINGAPATAM, town, India, xin. 829. CALIPH, Mohammedan sovereign, iv.

706; xvi. 589, 591; xxn. 661. CALIPHATE, The Eastern, xvi. 565.

OF CORDOVA, xxn. 313. CALIPHATES, Coins of the, xvn. 659. CALIPHS, Tombs of the, Cairo, xvi.

865.

CALIPPUS, Greek astronomer, n. 748. CALISAYA, quinine, xx. 186. CALISIA (Kalish), ancient town, Poland,

xin. 829. CALISTHENICS, gymnastic exercises, XL

350.

CALITRI, town, Italy, iv. 707. CALIXTINES, Christian sect, xvi. Sir. CALIXTUS I., or Callistus, pope, iv.

707; xix. 489; xxi. 127.

II., pope, iv. 707; xix. 499.

III., pope, iv. 707.

-, Georgius, Lutheran divine, iv. 707.

CALLAINITE, mineral, xxm. 670. CALLAIS, or Callaina, ancient precious

stone, xxm. 670. CALLANDER, town, Scotland, xvm.

667. CALLAO, town, Peru, iv. 707 ; xiv.

644. CALLATIS (Mangalia), ancient town,

Thrace, XV. 479. CALLCOTT, Sir Augustus Wall, English

painter, IV. 708. -, John Wall, English composer, iv.

708.

, Mrs Maria Graham, English writer,

IV. 708. CALLERNISH, Druidical stones of,

Lewis, Scotland, xiv. 492. CALLES (Cagli), ancient town, Italy, iv.

640. CALLICHTHYS, genus of fishes, xxn.

69.

CALLIGRAPHY, xvni. 143; xxm. 682. CALLIMACHUS, Greek architect and

statuary, iv. 709. , Greek poet and librarian of the

Alexandrian library, iv. 708; I. 498. CALLIOPE, Muse of epic poetry, IV. 709;

xvn. 74. CALLIPID^E, Graco-Scythian race, xxi.

575- CALLIPOLIS (Gallipoli), ancient town,

Italy, x. 43.

CALLIPUS, Period or Cycle of, iv. 668. CALLIRRHOE, in Greek legend, iv. 709. CALLISTHENES, Greek philosopher, iv.

709; his courage and his fate, I. 484. , Pseudo-, romancing history of, xx.

640. CALLISTO, in Greek mythology, iv. 709;