Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 25.djvu/462

T U R T W A

TUR, Jebel al-, mountains, Sinai, Arabia,

xxii. 88.

TURA, river, Siberia, XXIII. 429. TURACUS, genus of birds, xxm. 487. TURANIAN, meaning of the word, xxm.

625.

LANGUAGES, xxiv. i; xvm. 779. TURATEYA, district, Celebes, v. 288. TURBARY, Common of, right of cutting

turf, VI. 209. TURBAT-I-HAIDARI, town, Persia, xvm.

627.

TURBELLARIANS, group of W01TOS, XVII.

326; xix. 170.

TURBINE, water- wheel, xn. 438, 524; steam, xxii. 517.

TURBOT, fish, xxm. 625; xn. 692.

TURCARET, Le Sage s drama, xiv. 472.

TURCILINGI, Germanic tribes, XVII. 726.

TURCOMANIA, regions of Asia, XVI. 42 ; xxm. 512.

TURCOMANS, peoples, Asia, xxm. 660, 661 ; xiv. 64; of Asia Minor, n. 712; of Persia, xvm. 627, 632; of Turkestan, xxm. 636.

TURCO-TATAR LANGUAGE, xxm. 66 1.

TURDETANIA (Tartessus), ancient dis trict, Spain, xvm. 806.

TURDID^E, group of birds, xvni. 47; their relation to Sylviidae, xxiv. 366.

TURDUS, genus of birds, XVIII. 74; XX. 318; xxm. 322.

TURENNE, Vicomte de, French marshal, xxm. 626; ix. 571.

TURFAU, oasis, Turkestan, xxm. 639.

TURGAI, province and town, Central Asia, xxm. 627.

TURGENIEFF, Ivan, Russian novelist, xxm. 488; xxi. 108.

TURGES, legendary king of Ireland, Xlll. 251.

TURGITE, mineral, xvi. 387.

TURGOT, Anne Robert Jacques, Marquis de 1 Aulne, French economist and statesman, xxm. 627; ix. 594, 667; xix. 361.

TURGUTS, or Torgod, Mongol tribe, iv. 710; xvi. 745, 749.

TURIN, town, Italy, XXIII. 630; academy, 1.70; libraries, xiv. 530, 548; observa tory, xvn. 713; pictures, xxi. 447.

TURINSK, town, Russia, xvm. 550. , town, Tobolsk, Siberia, xxm.

43- . TURKA, spa, Eastern Siberia, xxm.

510. TURKESTAN, East and West, Central

Asia, xxm. 631; I. 241 ; n. 680;

xvin. 101; xxii. 820. TURKEY, xxm. 640; oppression of the

Greeks by, xi. 122; wars with Persia,

xvm. 635, 636, 648; plague in, XIX.

167; wars with Russia, xvn. 485; xxi.

101; conquest of Servia by, XXI. 689;

contests with Venice, XXIV. 144, 147;

army, n. 617; carpets, v. 129; Jews

in, Xlll. 686; newspapers, xvn. 432;

opium cultivation, xvn. 788; railways,

xx. 252; weights and measures, xxiv.

490. See also Turks. TURKEY, bird, xxm. 657; xix. 646.

CORN, maize, xv. 309.

TURKEY-RED, in dyeing, iv. 688; vn.

576.

TURKEY SPONGE, xxii. 423. TURKI LANGUAGE, xxm. 66 r. TURKISH BATHS, in. 437. TURKISH LANGUAGE, xxm. 66 1 ; xxiv.

I; dictionaries of, vn. 189. TURKISH LITERATURE, xxm. 655. TURKISTAN, or Turkestan (q.v.), xxm.

631- TURKMANS, peoples, Asia, xxm. 660,

66 1. See Turcomans. TURKS, race of people, xxm. 658; their

first appearance in history, xvm.

582; early history of, xvi. 584; first

contact of, with the Persian empire,

xvm. 613; in Africa, I. 262; their

occupation of Arabia, II. 260; in

Athens, ill. 10; invasion of Austria by,

in. 126; invasion of Europe by (1683),

xix. 296; their attack on Vienna

(1683), xiv. 466; in Walachia, xxi.

1 6, 1 8. See also Seljuks and Turkey. TURK S-CAP CACTUS, iv. 625. TURK S ISLANDS, West Indies, in. 236;

xni. 549. TURMERIC, tuberous root, xxm.

662.

TURNBULL S BLUE, pigment, xx. 24. TURNER, Charles, English engraver,

xxm. 662.

, Joseph Mallord William, English

painter, xxm. 663; xxi. 441.

, William, on birds, xvm. 3. TURNERITE, mineral, xvi. 403. TURNERS TOOLS, xiv. 323; xv. 154. TURNHOUT, town, Belgium, xxm.

668. TURNING LATHE, xiv. 323.

PIECES, in mechanics, xv. 755.

TURNIP BEETLE, i. 367. TURNIP-CUTTER, i. 326. TURNIP-FLY, or Turnip-Flea, xxm.

668; vi. 134. TURNIP-PULPER, i. 327. TURNIPS, agricultural root-crop, I. 303,

365, 383; diseases of, I. 367; garden

vegetable, xn. 288. TURNIP SAW-FLY, xxi. 343. TURNIP-SEED, i. 383. TURNIP-THINNER, i. 321. TURNIX, genus of birds, XX. 147. TURNOR, Hatton, his Astra Castra, ..

207. TURNPIKE, road, xi. 811; tolls levied

on, xxm. 436. TURNSOLE, plant, xi. 633. TURNSTONE, bird, xxm. 668. TURN-TABLE, Railway, xx. 238. TUROLD, Anglo-Norman writer, vm.

407.

TURONES, ancient Gallic people, xxm.

491. TURPENTINE, oleo-resin, xxm. 669,

crude, xx. 852; from the larch, xiv.

310; from the pine, xix. 104; Stras-

burg, IX. 225; Venice, xiv. 310. TURPIN, archbishop of Rheims, legend ary chronicler, xxm. 669; xx. 626;

chronicle of, xx. 650. TURQUOISE, precious stone, xxm. 669;

xvi. 405. TURRECREMATA, Johannes de (Torque-

mada), cardinal, xxm. 452. TURRETIN, Genevan theologians (Benott,

Francois, and Jean Alphonse), xxm.

670. TURRET-SHIELD, in fortification, ix.

453-

TURRET-SHIPS, xvn. 285. TURSHIZ, district, Persia, xvm. 627. TURSIO, cetacean mammal, XV. 399. TURTLE, cheloniaii reptile, xx. 441,

445; xxm. 455.

TURTLE-DOVE, VII. 380. TURUNCHUK, river, Russia, vn. 306. TUSCANY, territorial division, Italy,

xxm. 670; under the Medici, xv.

789; Siena annexed to, xxn. 43;

dialect of, Xlll. 496; straw-plaiting

industry of, xxn. 593. TUSCIA, ancient division, Italy, xxm.

671. TUSCULUM, ancient town, Italy, xxm.

671; xiv. 344; bathat, in. 435; water works at, n. 219. TUSIDDE, mountain, Sahara, Africa,

XXII. 149. TUSKS, Ivory from, Xlll. 520 ; of

elephant, xv. 350. TussAc(or TUSSOCK) GRASS, i. 378; ix.

TUSSER, Thomas, English poet, xxm.

672; on husbandry, I. 296. TUSSUR, silkworm, xxn. 60; silk from,

xn. 752.

TUTELA (Tudela), ancient town, Spain, ! xxm. 604.

TUTICORIN, town, India, xxm. 405. TUTIORISM, in casuistry, XIV. 636. TUTOR, in law, XIII. i, 3; in relation to

women s rights, XXI v. 638; in Roman

law, XX. 672, 688. TUTTLE S COMET, vi. 193. TUTUILA, island, South Pacific, xvn.

279. TuTUL-XlUS, people of Yucatan, i.

705.

TUY, town, Spain, xix. 455. TUYERES, in blast-furnaces, xm. 304. TUZLAH, salt lake, Asia Minor, n. 704. TVER, government and town, Rtissia,

xxm. 672.

TWAITE SHAD, fish, xxi. 726. TWARDOWSKI, Samuel, Polish poet,

xix. 302. TWA-TU-TIA, town, Formosa, China, IX.