Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 25.djvu/427

S P A S P E

413

851; Vandals in, xxiv. 58; under Sertorius, XXI. 684; conquest of, by the Arabs, n. 258; xvi. 573, 579; the Armada, II. 543 ; discoveries of Columbus for, vi. 172; connexion of, with Holland, XII. 74 ; Inquisition in, xill. 93; invasion of Italy by (1501), xill. 481; conquest of Mexico by, xvi. 214; invasion of, by Napoleon I., xvii. 213; Peninsular War (1808-12), IX. 616; revoltof Peru from,xvill. 6785 in time of Philip II., xvm. 744; rela tions with the popedom, VI. 242; XX. 324; domination over Portugal under Philip II., xix. 547 ; influence of Renaissance in, XX. 389; Wellington s campaigns in, xxiv. 495 ; ancient agriculture of, I. 293; Arabian philo sophy in, II. 268; Gothic architecture, II. 432; army, II. 613; birds, XVIII. 17 ; coalfields, VI. 58 ; coins of (ancient), xvii. 635; coins of (modern), xvii. 655; colonies, VI. 158; colonies in America, I. 708 ; occupation of Canary Islands, IV. 796; drama, IV. 660; vii. 419; forests, ix. 403; Jews in, xill. 685; libraries, xiv. 532, 549; mines, xvi. 468; newspapers, XVII. 431; observatories, xvii. 713; oyster culture, xvm. 108; periodical litera ture, xvm. 543; pottery, xix. 622, 628; prison system, xix. 762; rail ways, xx. 251; weights and measures, xxiv. 490; wine industry, xxiv. 607.

SPAIN, Era of, v. 715.

SPALACID^;, family of rodent mammals, xv. 419.

SPALACOTHERIUM, fossil mammal, xv. 376.

SPALATIN, George, German humanist and Reformer, XXII. 365.

SPALATO, town, Dalmatia, xxn. 366.

SPALDING, town, England, xxn. 367.

, Solomon, writer of the Book of

Mormon, xvi. 826.

, William, Scottish logician and

literary historian, xxn. 367 ; his logic, xiv. 800.

SPALLANZANI, Lazaro, Italian scientist, xxn. 367.

SPAN^EMIA, or Ansemia (q.v.), disease, xm. 359-

SPANDAU, town, Prussia, xxn. 368.

SPANDREL, in architecture, n. 473.

SPANGENBERG, August Gottlieb, bishop of the Moravian Brethren, XXII. 368.

SPANGLE GALLS, xn. 574.

SPANIEL, dog, vn. 328.

SPANISH BALLADS, Lockhart s, xiv. 763-

SPANISH DRAMA, iv. 660; vn. 419.

SPANISH FLIES, or Cantharides, .31; vi. 133; xix. 278.

SPANISH FOWLS, i. 401.

SPANISH GRASS, or Esparto, vin. 547.

SPANISH HEAD, promontory, Isle of Man, xv. 450.

SPANISH LANGUAGE, xxn. 346; xiv.

340; XX. 668; dictionaries of, VII. 185. SPANISH LITERATURE, xxn. 352; early

romances, XX. 653; Provencal, xix.

872.

SPANISH MACKEREL, fish, xv. 159. SPANISH MARRIAGES, Negotiation of

the, xxii. 346.

SPANISH PEPPER, vegetable, xn. 280. SPANISH STUDENT, Longfellow s poem,

xiv. 861. SPANISH SUCCESSION, Question of the,

vin. 352; ix. 575; xxn. 334; war of

the, in. 126; IX. 580; x. 502; xiv.

466. SPANISH TOWN, island, West Indies,

xxiv. 261. SPANISH TOWN, town, Jamaica, xni.

550.

SPAR, mineral, xvi. 401, 415, 417. SPARK RECORDER, in telegraphy,

xxiii. 124.

SPARLING, or Spirling, fish, xxi. 223. SPARROW, bird, xxii. 369. SPARROW-HAWK, bird, XL 534; skull

of nestling, in. 714. -, Kestrel, bird, xiv. 54.

SPARS, of ships, xxi. 153, 594.

SPARTA, state, ancient Greece, xxn. 369; XI. 93, 102; contests with the Achaean League, xvni. 790; contests with Megalopolis, xv. 827; relations to the Olympian festivals, XVII. 766; Peloponnesian War, xvm. 533; rela tions with Persia, xvni. 576; under Cleomenes, v. 824; under Lycurgus, xv. 95; army of, n. 560; nobility, xvii. 527; slaves in, xxn. 131.

SPARTACUS, leader of Servile War, Rome, xxii. 371; xx. 762.

SPARTANBURG, town, South Carolina, U.S.A., xxii. 288.

SPARTIANUS, ^Elius, Augustan historian, in. 74.

SPAS, Mineral, xvi. 433.

SPASM, or Cramp, VI. 543.

SPASO - MIROJSKII MONASTERY, at Pskoff, Russia, xx. 36.

SPASSK, town, Ryazan, Russia, XXI. 116.

, town, Tamboff, Russia, xxm. 41.

SPATHA, ancient Roman sword, n. 554.

SPATHOSE IRON ORES, xni. 287.

SPATULA, genus of birds, xxi. 842.

SPAWNING, of fish, ix. 244; of salmon, xxi. 224.

SPEAKER, of House of Commons, xvm.

3ii-

SPEAKING AUTOMATA, xv. 208. SPEAKING TRUMPET, xxm. 594. SPEAR HEADS, Ancient, n. 553. SPEARMINT, plant, xvi. 491. SPECIAL PLEADING, in law, xix. 218. SPECIE, Cost of remittance of, vm.

792. SPECIES, in logic and biology, xxii.

372; relation of, to genus, xxiv. 78;

origin of, in. 689; vin. 749; xxiv.

76, 817. SPECIES, Origin of, Darwin s book, m.

689; vin. 749, 764; xxiv. 77, 81, 817. SPECIFIC GRAVITY, xn. 536; of metals,

table of, xvi. 66. Compare xn. 541. SPECIFIC HEAT, XL 576. SPECTACLES, or Eye-Glasses, xxn. 372;

xvi. 258. SPECTATOR, serial essays by Addison,

Steele, etc., I. 148; vin. 427; xvii.

416; xvni. 537; xxii. 528. SPECTRA, of metals, xxn. 375. SPECTRE INSECT, xni. 152. SPECTRES, n. 207; in conjuring, xv.

207; mountain, XI. 399. SPECTROMETER, optical instrument,

xvii. 800. SPECTROPHONE, telephonic instrument,

xxm. 130. SPECTROSCOPE, xxn. 373; xxiv. 425;

investigation o f molecules with, in.

42. SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS, SPECTRUM

ANALYSIS, xxn. 373; of the heavenly

bodies, X. 215; of the aurora, in. 93;

of comets, n. 815; of nebulae, n. 821;

of rainband, XX. 255; of stars, n. 817;

of the sun, II. 787; xxn. 645; Fraun-

hofer s researches in, IX. 728 ; Pliicker s,

xix. 230.

SPECTROSCOPY, or Spectroscopic Ana lysis (q.v.), xxn. 373. SPECTRUM, in optics, xiv. 592, 595,

60 1 ; colours of, vin. 823; of star in

telescope, xxm. 141. EFFECTS, in photography, xvni.

835- SPECULUM, telescopic metallic mirror,

XXin. 146; speculum metal, iv. 366. , Majus, of Vincent of Beauvais,

xxiv. 235. - JUDICIALE, Durandus s work, vn.

552. SPEECH, its laws and forms, xvni. 765,

769; articulate, for deaf and dumb,

vn. 8; parrot s, xvni. 323. SPEECH-SOUNDS, xxn. 381; xvni. 811. SPEED, in mechanics, xv. 680; of light,

xxiv. 458; rates of, on railways, xx.

246, 254; of ships, law of, XXL 810;

of sound, I. 104; xxiv. 418; in tele graph signalling, xxm. 125. SPEEN, village, England, xvn. 375. SPEGEL, Haquin, archbishop of Upsala,

poet, xxn. 755. SPEIER (Spires, q.v. town, Rhenish

Bavaria, xxn. 404. SPEIS, alloy of nickel, xvn. 487. SPEKE, John Hanning, African explorer,

xxii. 390; I. 247; x. 194. SPEKTAKEL, town, South Africa, xvn.

1 68.

SPELDINGS, dried fish, i. 44. SPELLING, Phonetic, xvni. 812. SPELMAN, Sir Henry, English antiquary,