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P H P I A

PHOSGENE, in chemistry, v. 87; xvn.

63-

PHOSGENES, luminous impressions, vni. 822.

PHOSPHATES, chemical salts, xvm. 818; v. 517, 518; deposits of, at Charleston, U.S.A., v. 428; of lime, as mamires, I. 348; xv. 509.

PHOSPHATIC GLASSES, for telescopes, xxin. 143.

PHOSPHIDE OF CALCIUM, xvm. 817.

PHOSPHINE, in chemistry, v. 516; xvm. 817.

PHOSPHO GUANO, XL 234; xv. 512.

PHOSPHOR-BRONZE, xvm. 817; wire of, xxiv. 615.

PHOSPHORESCENCE, xvm. 813; xiv. 603; of annelids, II. 71; in crystals, XVI. 375; in Protozoa, xix. 861; of the sea, VI. 664.

PHOSPHORIC ACID, as manure, xv. 508.

PHOSPHORISTS, school of Swedish litera ture, xxn. 757.

PHOSPHORITE, mineral, xvm. 818.

PHOSPHOROCHALCITE, mineral, xvi. 406.

PHOSPHOROSCOPE, optical instrument, xiv. 603.

PHOSPHORUS, chemical element, xvin. 815; v. 315; as fuel, IX. 809; in iron smelting, xili. 296; in match manufacture, XV. 625; as plant food, Xix. 49; as a poison, xix. 278; its presence in steel, xili. 283.

PHOTIUS, patriarch of Constantinople, xvm. 819; as lexicographer, XI. 146; on Greek romance, XX. 634; opposed by Pope Nicholas I., XVII. 483.

PHOTODILUS, section of owls, xvm. 89.

PHOTO-ENGRAVING, xvm. 834.

PHOTOGRAPHIC PRINTING, xvm. 830.

PHOTOGRAPHY, xvm. 821; Daguerre s invention of, vi. 761; Niepce s inven tions in, xvil. 495; applied to astro nomy, II. 789, 802; xvm. 248; xxiii. 142, 148, 153; use of, in mapping, xxn. 714, 716.

PHOTO-GRAVURE, process of map-print ing, xxii. 717.

PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHY, xiv. 699; xvm. 833.

PHOTOMETRY, Celestial, xvm. 840; xiv. 583; xxiv. 423.

PHOTOPHONE, telephone, xxm. 130.

PHOTO-RELIEFS, xvm. 834.

"PHOTOSPHERE, of the sun, xxii. 645.

PHOXICHILUS, genus of Arachnida, n. 277.

PHOXINUS, genus of fishes, xvi. 477.

PHRAASPA, Armenia, Siege of (36 B.C.), xvm. 598.

PHRAATES I., Parthian king, xvm. 590.

II., Parthian king, xvm. 594.

III., Parthian king, xvm. 595.

IV., Parthian king, xvm. 598.

PHRAATES V., Parthian king, xvm. 600.

PHRABAT, mountain, Siam, xxi. 851.

PHRANTZES, Georgius, Byzantine his torian, iv. 614.

PHRAORTES, Median king, xvm. 562. , Median rebel, xvm. 569.

PHRASEOGRAMS, in shorthand, xxi.

839. PHRATRIA, division of tribe, at Athens,

vin. 620. PHRENOLOGY, xvm. 842 ; Combe s

essays on, VI. 179; Gall s researches in,

x. 37- PHRENO-TYPING, mnemonic system,

xvi. 533. PHRIAPATIUS, Parthian king, xvm.

590. PHRYGIA, country, Asia Minor, xvm.

849; coins of, XVIL 648. PHRYGIAN MYSTERIES, XVIL 126. PHRYNE, Greek courtesan, xvm. 853;

ii. 169. PHRYNICHUS, Athenian general, xvni.

854-

, Athenian tragic poet, xvni. 854.

, poet of Old Attic Comedy, xvni.

854. ARABIUS, Bithynian grammarian,

xvni. 854. PHRYNIDES, family of Arachnida, n.

289. PHRYNOSOMA, genus of lizards, xiv.

736.

PHTHA, Egyptian divinity, VII. 717. PHTHALIC ACID, xvm. 855. PHTHIOTIS, district, Thessaly, xxin.

299. PHTHIRIASIS, disease, xv. 24; xxn.

123.

PHTHISIS, disease, xvm. 855, 405. PHU-THUA-THIEN, or Phu-tua-tien

(Hue), town, Anam, vi. 96; xn. 333. PHYCOERYTHIN, colouring matter in

plants, xix. 52. PHYCOMYCETES, order of Fungi, ix.

830; xxiv. 127. PHYCOXANTHIN, colouring matter in

plants, xix. 52. PHYLACTERY, Jewish prayer-thong, xix.

i; I. 781; III. 193. PHYLACTOL^EMA, order of Polyzoa, xix.

436. PHYLLIDIOBRANCHIA, suborder of Mol-

lusca, xvi. 645, 655. PHYLLIRHOE, genus of Mollusca, xvi.

634, 656. PHYLLOCACTUS, group of Cactacere, iv.

626. PHYLLOPTERYX, genus of fishes, XL

852; xxi. 579.

PHYLLORHINA, genus of bats, xv. 412. PHYLLOSCOPUS, genus of birds, xxiv.

688.

PHYLLOSTICTA, vine fungus, xxiv. 240. PHYLLOSTOMID^E, family of chiropter-

ous mammals, xv. 414.

PHYLLOTAXIS, arrangement of leaves, in plants, iv. 1 15.

PHYLLOXERA, vine parasite, xxiv. 238 604; xix. 537.

PHYLOGENY, ancestral development, n. 49; in. 690.

PHYSALOSPORA, grape fungus, xxiv. 240.

PHYSETER, genus of cetacean mammals, xv. 396; xxiv. 525.

PHYSICAL CONSTANTS, xxiv. 479, 480.

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, x. 210.

PHYSICAL-MEDICAL SCHOOL, xv. 810.

PHYSICAL SCIENCES, xix. i.

PHYSICIANS, Royal College of, London, xiv. 652.

PHYSIC NUT, xvn. 664, 665.

PHYSICS, XIX. i; of Aristotle, II. 520; Epicurean theory of, vin. 474; Kant s works on, Xili. 847; Stoic doctrine of, xxn. 563; physical societies, xxn. 225.

PHYSIOCRATS, French school of econo mists, xix. 359; xx. 176.

PHYSIOGNOMY, xix. 3 ; Lavater on, xiv. 351.

PHYSIOGRAPHY, in geology, x. 370.

PHYSIOLOGICAL SELECTION, Romanes s theory, XXIV. 82.

PHYSIOLOGUS, media-val collection of allegories, xix. 6.

PHYSIOLOGY, xix. 8 (index, 63); in. 684; xvn. 667; scope of the science, xxiv. 800; in relation to medicine, XV. 794; to morphology, XVI. 845; to phrenology, XVIII. 847; to psychology, XX. 37; to zoological study, XXIV. 814; vegetable, xix. 43; Empedocles s theory of, vin. 179; contributions to the science by Brodie, iv. 358; by Andrew Combe, VI. 179; by Johannes Miiller, XVII. 17; by Schwann, xxi. 460; by Spallanzani, xxn. 367 ; by Wagner, xxiv. 313.

PHVSOSTIGMINE, vegetable alkaloid, iv. 650.

PHYSOSTOMI, order of fishes, xn. 692.

PHYTELEPHAS, genus of plants, xin. 524; xvni. 190.

PHYTOMASTIGODA, group of Protozoa, xix. 857.

PHYTOPHAGA, section of beetles, vi.

134-

PIACENZA, town, Italy, Xix. 64; uni versity of, xxin. 836.

PIACULAR SACRIFICES, xxi. 136.

PIAGNONI, Florentine faction, xxi .337.

PIA MATER, Anatomy of the, I. 865.

PIANOFORTE, musical instrument, xix. 64; invention and introduction of, XVIL 94.

PlANOSA, island, Italy, xin. 440.

PIARISTS, Roman Catholic brotherhood, xix. 78.

PIATRA, town, Roumania, xix. 78.

PIAZZA ARMERINA, town, Sicily, xix.