Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 25.djvu/337

P A R C

323

OPAL, precious stone, xvn. 777; xvi.

390. OPALINSKI, Christopher, Polish satirist,

xix. 302.

OPATOW, town, Poland, xx. 218. OPENER, in cotton manufacture, vi.

491.

OPENSHAW, town, England, xvn. 777. OPERA, in music, its origin, xvn. 86, 87,

94; English, vil. 437; Italian, xxiv.

3i5- BUFFA (or BOUFFE), xvn. 99;

xxi. 25; Offenbach s, xvn. 732. OPERA COMIQUE, xvn. 98. OPERA HOUSE, at Paris, xvm. 277;

xxin. 225. OPERETTE MORALI, Leopardi s work,

xiv. 464.

OPHEL, hill, Jerusalem, xni. 638. OPHICALCITE, marble, xv. 529; xxi.

683. OPHICLEIDE, musical instrument, xvn.

778. OPHIDIA, order of reptiles, xxn. 189;

classification of, xx. 439, 445; para sites of, xvin. 260; of America. I.

684.

OPHIOLITE, stone, xxi. 683. OPHIOPHAGUS, genus of snakes, xxn.

196.

OPHIR, of Scripture, xvn. 780. OPHITE, stone, xxi. 682. OPHIURIDEA, order of Echinodermata,

vn. 634. OPHTHALMIA, eye disease, xvn. 780; in

Egypt, vn. 704. OPHTHALMOLOGY, xvn. 780; as branch

of medicine, xv. 797. OPHTHALMOMETER, scientific instru ment, vin. 820.

OPHTHALMOSCOPE, instrument for ex amining the eye, xvn. 786. OPICANS, or Oscans, ancient Italian

people, xvin. 54; xni. 445. OPIE, Amelia, English writer, XVII. 787. , John, English painter, XVII. 787;

his friendship with Walcot, xxiv.

628. OPISOMETER, for .measuring distances

on a map, xxn. 721. OPISTHOBRANCHIA, order of Mollusca,

xvi. 655.

OPISTHOCOMUS, genus of birds, xn. 28. OPISTHOGRAPHS, of the Catacombs, v.

209. OPITZ, Martin, German dramatist, vn.

440; x. 530. OPIUM, drug, XVII. 787, 231 ; as a poison,

xix. 278; eating and smoking of, xvn.

793) 7945 smoking, in China, v. 671;

cultivation of, in India, in. 508, 568;

xn. 749; xvin. 409; cultivation, in

Persia, xvin. 625; opposition of the

Chinese to trade in, v. 651. OPOCZNO, town, Poland, XX. 218. OPODELDOC, liniment, xvn. 795. OPORTO, town, Portugal, xvn. 795;

library of, Xiv. 532; wine trade, xxiv. 609.

OPOSSUM, marsupial mammal, xvn. 796; xv. 380, 382; xvin. 728; skins of, IX. 838.

SHRIMP, crustacean, vi. 658.

OPOTCHKA, town, Russia, xx. 36.

OPPEL, N. M., on the classification of reptiles, xx. 435.

OPPELN, town, Prussia, xvn. 797; dis trict, xxn. 52.

OPPENHEIM, town, Germany, xvn. 797.

OPPENHEIMER, Siiss, Wiirtemberg minister, xxiv. 702.

OPPIAN, Greek poet, xvn. 797; xn.

393-

LAW, Roman, xxn. 644.

OPPIDOLO, town, Italy, xvin. 214. OPPIDUM UBIORUM (Cologne), ancient

town, Germany, vi. 152. OPPIUS, Cains, friend of Julius Caesar,

xvn. 797. OPPOLZER S OBSERVATORY, Vienna,

xvn. 713. OPPOSITES, Pythagorean theory of, xx.

138-

OPS, Italian goddess, xxi. 321.

OPTICAL ERRORS, xxiv. 435.

OPTICAL GLASS, Manufacture of, x. 665.

OPTICAL ILLUSIONS, 11. 205.

OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS, xvn. 801, 806.

OPTICAL SQUARE, surveying instru ment, xxn. 720.

OPTIC NERVE, i. 889; vin. 816; diseases of, xvn. 784.

OPTICS, xvn. 798; xiv. 577, 580; optical arrangements of the eye, vin. 817; laws of, in relation to the microscope, xvi. 258; to the telescope, xxin. 139; wave theory of light, XXIV. 42 1 ; contribu tions to the science by Arago, II. 303; by Brewster, IV. 276; by Newton, XVII. 438; by Porta, XIX. 526. , Geometrical, xvn. 798.

OPTIC THALAMI, xix. 37.

OPTIGRAPH, variety of camera lucida, iv. 740.

OPTIMISM, in philosophy, xvm. 684.

OPUNTIA, group of Cactacere, iv. 626.

OPUNTII, Locri, ancient Greek people, xiv. 764.

OPUS MAJUS, of Roger Bacon, in. 220.

OPUS QUADRATUM, in Roman build ings, XX. 809.

ORACH, vegetable, xn. 285.

ORACLE, ORACLES, xvn. 808; of Greece, xix. 91; of Delphi, vn. 53.

OR^EFAJOKULL, mountain, Iceland, xn. 616.

ORAGOS, mountains, Brazil, iv. 223.

OR AN, town, Algeria, xvn. 809.

ORANGE, tree and fruit, xvn. 810; xn. 272.

, town, France, xvn. 812; popula tion, xxiv. 114; university of, xxin. 839-

ORANGE, town, New Jersey, U.S.A., xvn. 813.

, Princes of, XII. 74, 79; XVII. 812;

their connexion with house of Stuart, xn. 79.

, William the Silent, Prince of, xxiv. 582; xn. 76. -, William, Prince of (William III.

of England), XXIV. 578; xn. 81; in vited to England, vin. 351.

COLOURS, in dyeing, vn. 578.

ORANGEMEN, association of Irish Pro testants, xvn. 813.

ORANGE-NASSAU, or Orange, House of, xn. 74, 79; xvn. 812.

ORANGE RIVER, South Africa, i. 254; v. 42.

ORANGE RIVER FREE STATE, South Africa, i. 270; v. 45; xvn. 813.

ORANGITE, mineral, xvi. 425.

ORANG-OUTAN, ape, II. 149.

ORANGS, Malayan people, xv. 323, 324. ORANIENBAUM, town, Russia, xvn.

814; xxi. 190, 194. ORATORIANS, religious society, xvn.

347; xvi. 713. ORATORIO, in music, xvn. 85, 100;

Handel s oratorios, XL 435; Haydn s,

xi. 540; Mendelssohn s, xvi. 8. ORATORY, Brougham s, iv. 374; Burke s,

iv. 544; Demosthenes s, vn. 72; earl

of Derby s, vn. 112; Fox s, IX. 500;

Grattan s, XL 63; Greek, XL 142;

Robert Hall s, XI. 392; Isrcus s, XIII.

376; Isocrates s, xni. 388; Lysias s,

xv. 118; Roman, XX. 719.

, in architecture, II. 468.

, Congregation of the, xvn. 346;

xvi. 713. ORAZI, Giovanni B., Italian flute-maker,

xxin. 521. ORBELIAN, John, Georgian prince, as

Prester John, xix. 716. ORBISTON, Scotland, Owen s community

at, xvin. 88.

ORBIT, of comets, vi. 182. ORBITOLITES, genus of Foraminifera, IX.

377- ORCA, genus of cetacean mammals, xv.

398. ORCADES, the ancient Thule, xxin.

328. ORCAGNA, Italian painter, sculptor, and

architect, xvn. 814; IX. 771; xxi.

568; his glass-paintings, x. 669. ORCELLA, genus of cetacean mammals,

xv. 398.

ORCHARD CULTURE, i. 384. ORCHARD-HOUSE, in horticulture, xn.

225, 278. ORCHESOGRAPHY, dancing notation, vi.

800. ORCHESTRA, ORCHESTRATION, in

music, xvn. 98. ORCHESTRION, musical instrument,

xvn. 1 06.