Page:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition, v. 1.djvu/44

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ABBREVIATION

P.F.	Pia fidelis, Pius felix, Promissa fides, Publii filius.
P.M.	Piæ memoriæ, Plus minus, Pontifex maximus.
P.P.	Pater patratus, Pater patriæ, Pecunia publica, Præpositus, Primipilus, Proprætor.
PR.	Præses, Prætor, Pridie, Princeps.
P.R.	Permissu reipublicæ, Populus Romanus.
P.R.C.	Post Romam conditam.
PR.PR.	Præfectus prætorii, Proprætor.
P.S.	Pecunia sua, Plebiscitum, Proprio sumptu, Publicæ saluti.
P.V.	Pia victrix, Præfectus urbi, Præstantissimus vir.
Q.
Q.	Quæstor, Quando, Quantus, Que, Qui, Quinquennalis, Quintus, Quirites.
Q.D.R.	Qua de re.
Q.I.S.S.	Quæ infra scripta sunt; so Q.S.S.S. Quæ supra, &c.
QQ.	Quæcunque, Quinquennalis, Quoque.
Q.R.	Quæstor reipublicæ.
R.
R.	Recte, Res, Respublica, Retro, Rex, Ripa, Roma, Romanus, Rufus, Rursus.
R.C.	Romana civitas, Romanus civis.
RESP. and RP.Respublica.
RET. P. and RP.Retro pedes.
S.
S.	Sacrum, Scriptus, Semis, Senatus, Sepultus, Servius, Servus, Sextus, Sibi, Sine, Situs, Solus, Solvit, Sub, Suus.
SAC.	Sacerdos, Sacrificium, Sacrum.
S.C.	Senatus consultum.
S.D.	Sacrum diis, Salutem dicit, Senatus decreto, Sententiam dedit.
S.D.M.	Sacrum diis Manibus, Sine dolo malo.
SER.	Servius, Servus.
S.E.T.L.	Sit ei terra levis.
SN.	Senatus, Sententia, Sine.
S.P.	Sacerdos perpetua, Sine pecunia, Sua pecunia.
S.P.Q.R.	Senatus populus que Romanus.
S.S.	Sanctissimus senatus, Supra scriptum.
S.V.B.E.E.Q.V.Si vales bene est, ego quidem valeo.
T.
T.	Terminus, Testamentum, Titus, Tribunus, Tu, Turma, Tutor.
TB., TI., and TIB.Tiberius.
TB., TR., and TRB.Tribunus.
T.F.	Testamentum fecit, Titi filius, Titulum fecit, Titus Flavius.
TM.	Terminus, Testamentum, Thermæ.
T.P.	Terminum posuit, Tribunicia potestate, Tribunus plebis.
TVL.	Tullius, Tullus.
V.
V.	Urbs, Usus, Uxor, Vale, Verba, Vestalis, Vester, Vir, Vivus, Vixit, Volo, Votum.
V.A.	Veterano assignatus, Vixit annos.
V.C.	Vale conjux, Vir clarissimus, Vir consularis.
V.E.	Verum etiam, Vir egregius, Visum est.
V.F.	Usus fructus, Verba fecit, Vivus fecit.
V.P.	Urbis præfectus, Vir perfectissimus, Vivus posuit.
V.R.	Urbs Roma, Uti rogas, Votum reddidit.

II. Mediæval Abbreviations.—Of the different kinds of abbreviations in use in the middle ages, the following are examples:—

A.M.	Ave Maria.
B.P.	Beatus Paulus, Beatus Petrus.
CC.	Carissimus (also plur. Carissimi), Clarissimus, Circum.
D.	Deus, Dominicus, Dux.
D.N.PP.	Dominus noster Papa.
FF.	Felicissimus, Fratres, Pandectæ (prob. for Gr. π).
I.C. or I.X.Jesus Christus.
I.D.N.	In Dei nomine.
KK.	Karissimus (or -mi).
MM.	Magistri, Martyres, Matrimonium, Meritissimus.
O.S.B.	Ordinis Sancti Benedicti.
PP.	Papa, Patres, Piissimus.
R.F.	Rex Francorum.
R.P.D.	Reverendissimus Pater Dominus.
S.C.M.	Sacra Cæsarea Majestas.
S.M.E.	Sancta Mater Ecclesia.
S.M.M.	Sancta Mater Maria.
S.R.I.	Sanctum Romanum Imperium.
S.V.	Sanctitas Vestra, Sancta Virgo.
V.	Venerabilis, Venerandus.
V.R.P.	Vestra Reverendissima Paternitas.

III. Abbreviations now in use.—The import of these will often be readily understood from the connection in which they occur. There is no occasion to explain here the common abbreviations used for Christian names, books of Scripture, months of the year, points of the compass, grammatical and mathematical terms, or familiar titles, like “Mr,” &c.

The ordinary abbreviations, now or recently in use, may be conveniently classified under the following headings:—

1. Abbreviated Titles and Designations.

A.A.	Associate of Arts.
A.B.	Able-bodied seaman.
A.M.	(Artium Magister), Master of Arts.
A.R.A.	Associate of the Royal Academy.
A.R.S.A.Associate of the Royal Scottish Academy.
B.A.	Bachelor of Arts.
B.C.L.	Bachelor of Civil Law.
B.D.	Bachelor of Divinity.
B.LL.	Bachelor of Laws.
B.Sc.	Bachelor of Science.
C.	Chairman.
C.A.	Chartered Accountant.
C.B.	Companion of the Bath.
C.E.	Civil Engineer.
C.M.	(Chirurgiæ Magister), Master in Surgery.
C.M.G.	Companion of St Michael and St George.
C.S.I.	Companion of the Star of India.
D.C.L.	Doctor of Civil Law.
D.D.	Doctor of Divinity.
D.Lit.	Doctor of Literature.
D.M.	Doctor of Medicine [Oxford].
D.Sc.	Doctor of Science.
Ebor.	(Eboracensis), of York.^[1]
F.C.S.	Fellow of the Chemical Society.
F.D.	(Fidei Defensor), Defender of the Faith.
F.F.P.S.	Fellow of the Faculty of Physicians & Surgeons [Glasgow.]
F.G.S.	Fellow of the Geological Society.
F.K.Q.C.P.I.Fellow of King and Queen's College of Physicians in Ireland.
F.L.S.	Fellow of the Linnæan Society.
F.M.	Field Marshal.
F.P.S.	Fellow of the Philological Society.
F.R.A.S.	Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society.
F.R.C.P.	Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians.
F.R.C.P.E.Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh.
F.R.C.S.	Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons.
F.R.G.S.	Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society.
F.R.S.	Fellow of the Royal Society.
F.R.S.E.	Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
F.R.S.L.	Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.
F.S.A.	Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries.
F.S.S.	Fellow of the Statistical Society.
F.Z.S.	Fellow of the Zoological Society.
G.C.B.	Knight Grand Cross of the Bath.
G.C.H.	Knight Grand Cross of Hanover.
G.C.M.G.Knight Grand Cross of St Michael and St George.
G.C.S.I.	Knight Grand Commander of the Star of India.
H.R.H.	His (or Her) Royal Highness.
J.P.	Justice of the Peace.
J.U.D.	(Juris utriusque Doctor), Doctor of Civil and Canon Law.
K.C.S.I.	Knight Commander of the Star of India.
K.C.B.	Knight Commander of the Bath.
K.G.	Knight of the Garter.
K.P.	Knight of St Patrick.
K.T.	Knight of the Thistle.
L.A.H.	Licentiate of the Apothecaries' Hall.
L.C.J.	Lord Chief Justice.
LL.B.	(Legum Baccalaureus), Bachelor of Laws.
LL.D.	(Legum Doctor), Doctor of Laws.
LL.M.	(Legum Magister), Master of Laws.
L.R.C.P.Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians.
L.R.C.S.Licentiate of the Royal College of Surgeons.
L.S.A.	Licentiate of the Apothecaries' Society.
M.A.	Master of Arts.
M.B.	(Medicinæ Baccalaureus), Bachelor of Medicine.
M.C.	Member of Congress.
M.D.	(Medicinæ Doctor), Doctor of Medicine.
M.P.	Member of Parliament.
M.R.C.P.Member of the Royal College of Physicians.
M.R.I.A.Member of the Royal Irish Academy.
Mus. B.	Bachelor of Music.

↑ An archbishop or bishop, in writing his signature, substitutes for his surname the name of his see; thus the prelates of Canterbury, York, Oxford, London, &c., subscribe themselves A. C. Cantuar., W. Ebor., J. F. Oxon., J. London, &c.

[1] An archbishop or bishop, in writing his signature, substitutes for his surname the name of his see; thus the prelates of Canterbury, York, Oxford, London, &c., subscribe themselves A. C. Cantuar., W. Ebor., J. F. Oxon., J. London, &c.

[1]