Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/42
- traits, took up landscape painting in 1814,
and soon acquired reputation and great favour in Vienna. Works: Peasant Cottage with Two Women and a Child, Hohenstaufen Mountain seen from Aigen, Vienna Museum; Ideal Landscapes (1816, 1820, 1822, 3; 1826, 3; 1835); Cemetery with Chapel, Cupid shedding Arrows among the Animals (1824); Views in Salzburg (3), do. in Sorrento (1832); St. George's Fight with the Dragon (1834); Grass Mower Drinking (1837); The Outcast (1838). His sons, Franz and Friedrich, were also landscape painters, and exhibited in Vienna in 1816-50. Landscape by Franz in Vienna Museum.—Hormayr, Archiv (1821), Nos. 27, 28; (1822), Nos. 95, 152; (1824), Nos. 105, 106; Wurzbach, xxv. 217.
REINHOLD, HEINRICH, born at Gera
in 1790, died at Albano, Jan. 15, 1825.
Landscape painter, brother of preceding,
studied first in Dresden, then at Vienna
Academy, and in 1809-14 in Paris; went
to Rome in 1819. Works: Capo d'Orlando
on Coast of Sicily (1821), National Gallery,
Berlin; Capuchin Garden near Sorrento,
New Pinakothek, Munich; View in Carinthian
Alps; Grotto La Cucumella in Naples;
View of Capri; View in Piano di Sorrento,
Leipsic Museum; View of Ætna from Taormina.
His younger brother, Gustav, landscape
painter, pupil of Friedrich Philipp,
exhibited in Vienna in 1826-46, and lived
also some time in Rome.—Hormayr, Archiv
(1821), 108; N. Necrol. der D. (1825), 1279;
Riegel, Gesch. des Wiederauflebens der d.
K., 337; Wurzbach, xxv. 220.
REMBRANDT VAN RYN, born in Leyden,
July 15, 1607, died in Amsterdam,
buried Oct. 8, 1669. Dutch school; his
father, Harmen Gerritsz, a miller, and his
mother, Neeltgen Willems van Suyddtbroek,
daughter of a baker, lived in a house situated
in the Weddersteeg (Street of the
Tank), near the Witte Poort (White Gate)
and there Rembrandt was born. Having
little taste for books, and a strong natural
love of art, he was early apprenticed for
three years to Iakob Isaacz van Swanenburch,
a second-rate painter, who had settled
at Leyden in
1617 after his return
from Italy. Then
followed six months'
study with Pieter
Lastman, and a return
to Leyden
about 1624. Rembrandt's
earliest
signed works date
from 1627. Three
years later (1630) he removed from Leyden
to Amsterdam, where he spent the remainder
of his life. He never left Holland, and
in it visited only Dordrecht, Friesland,
Gueldres, and perhaps Clèves. With his
first wife, Saskia van Ulenburgh, whom he
married in 1634, and who died in 1642, he
lived very happily, and the portraits of her
at Cassel (1633), Dresden (1633, 1641?), and
Berlin (1643), are among his finest works.
They lived in a house at Amsterdam, in the
Breedstraat, where he collected many fine
Italian and Dutch pictures, glass, armour,
porcelain, etc. Here he painted, etched,
and directed the studies of numerous pupils.
For fourteen years after Saskia's death
Rembrandt and his son, Titus, lived in this
house, at the end of which time, as his affairs
were hopelessly involved, it was sold
by auction with its contents. For the remainder
of his days the great artist lived
in comparative poverty. As etcher and
painter, he holds a unique place in the history
of art. No one has rivalled him in the
management of light and shade; few in colour,
in character, in the expression of homely
but deep sentiment. Absolutely original,
he taught many able scholars, whose
best efforts only show how unapproachable
he is. Works: Old Man with Gorget and
Turban (1630 or 1631), Portrait of Coppenol
(1631), Youth (1634), Portrait of a Turk
(1636?), Sobrisky Portrait (1636?), Elderly
Lady (1637 or 1638), Rembrandt's Mother
(1640), Rabbi Manasseh Ben Israel (1645),