Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/418

great truthfulness and careful execution. Work: Snakes, Royal Palace, Berlin.

VROOM, HENDRIK CORNELISZEN, born in Haarlem, in 1566, died there in 1640. Dutch school. Earliest known Dutch marine painter. Being employed by his stepfather in painting faïence, which was not to his taste, he left Haarlem for Rotterdam, visited Spain, traversed Italy in all directions, and profited there by his intimacy with Paul Bril. From Italy he travelled through France and Holland to Dantzic, where he studied perspective. After returning to Holland he revisited Spain, Portugal, and England, where he executed for tapestries ten sea battles between English and Spanish vessels, and made a drawing of the Defeat of the Spanish Armada for the Earl of Nottingham. From 1597 he worked in Haarlem. Works: Admiral Heemskerk sinking Spanish Galleys (1617), View of the Y, Amsterdam Museum; Arrival of Leicester at Vlissingen, 1586 (1623), Burning of Spanish Flag Ship in Battle of Gibraltar, Ship sailing, View of Haarlem, Haarlem Museum; Seaport with Vessels, Augsburg Gallery; Woodland Scene, Christiania Gallery; River Landscape (1630), Schwerin Gallery. By his son and probably his pupil, Cornelis (born at Haarlem about 1600, buried there, Sept. 16, 1661), is a Wood Landscape in the Berlin Museum. By another son, Frederik, is his own portrait in the Darmstadt Museum.—Immerzeel, iii. 211; Kramm, vi. 1814; Kugler (Crowe), i. 261; Michiels, vi. 207.

VUEZ, ARNOULD DE, born at Saint-Omer, March 10, 1642, died at Lille in 1719 or 1720. French school; history and portrait painter, first instructed in his native place, then pupil of Claude François (better known as Frère Luc 1615-85), in Paris, whence, three years later, he went to Venice, then to Rome in 1660. His marked success there involved him in several duels, which caused his flight to Paris, where he assisted Le Brun; forced to leave in consequence of another duel, he went to Constantinople with the French ambassador, and after his return was sent by Louvois to paint in a convent at Lille, which led to his settling in that city in 1692. Was received into the Academy in 1681. Works: St. Francis of Assisi receiving the Stigmata, Miracle of St. Anthony of Padua, Scenes in Life of St. Bonaventura (3), do. in Life of St. Augustine (2), Last Judgment, Christ and the Woman taken in Adultery, Judgment of Solomon, Death of Ananias, St. Gregory the Great, and many portraits, Museum, Lille; The Miraculous Draught of Fishes, Annunciation, St. Andrew's, ib.; St. Francis de Paula exhorting Louis XI. on his Death-Bed, Assassination of Thomas à Becket, Presentation in the Temple, King David in Prayer, St. Roch, St. Magdalen receiving the Communion from St. Maximinius, Douai Museum; St. Francis declining the Tiara, Valenciennes Museum.—Bellier, ii. 705.

VUILLEFROY, (DOMINIQUE) FÉLIX DE, born in Paris, March 2, 1841. Animal and landscape painter, pupil of Hébert and Bonnat. Medals: 1870; 2d class, 1875; L. of Honour, 1880. Works: Coast of Grace (1867); Roe Bucks on the Snow, Deer in Autumn (1868); Spaniards on the Tagus, Team of Oxen (1869); Morning in Bas Bréau, Environs of Chailly (1870); November (1872); Queen Blanche's Oaks at Fontainebleau (1873); Mills in Plain of Chailly, Grass (1874); Allemagne Street, Free Market in Picardy (1875); Tending Cows in Cantal, Market Place of Montferrand (1876); Souvenir of Morvan (1877); Bad Weather on Cliffs of Dieppe, Bulls and Heifers (1878); Herd of Cows in Oberland