Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/410

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daise; Immerzeel, iii. 203; Kramm, vi. 1784;

Kugler (Crowe), ii. 413; Riegel (Beiträge), ii. 408.

VOLK, DOUGLAS, born in Pittsfield, Mass., in 1856. Figure and subject painter; son of Leonard Volk, sculptor; pupil of Gérôme in Paris, and studied in Rome. Member of Society of American Artists. Studio in New York. Works: Vanity, In Brittany (1876); Domestic Life in Normandy (1878); In the Studio—Portrait (1880); Puritan Girl (1881), T. B. Clarke, New York; Kept In (1882); Charity (1883).

VOLKERS, EMIL, born at Birkenfeld, Jan. 4, 1831. Genre and animal painter, pupil in Dresden of Rietschel and Schnorr, and in Munich of Albrecht and Franz Adam; studied the horse in the royal studs of Würtemberg, and settled in Düsseldorf in 1857; visited Bucharest in 1867 and Italy in 1869. Works: Four-in-Hand of Prince of Roumania; Market at Reni; Tavern Scene in Roumania; Roumanian Peasants Resting; Market Scene in Bucharest; Scenes from Campaigns of 1866 and 1870, Duke of Oldenburg.—Müller, 539.

VOLKHART, GEORG WILHELM, born at Herdicke, Westphalia, June 23, 1815, died in Düsseldorf, March 14, 1876. History and portrait painter, pupil of Düsseldorf Academy; studied in Italy (1846-47) after the old masters. Works: Christ the Good Shepherd (1834); Fritjof and Ingeborg (1836); Tancred and Erminia (1837); Raphael and the Fornarina (1838); Murder of Rizzio (1841); Abdication of Mary Stuart (1842); Mary Stuart on the Scaffold (1844); Leonardo and Blandine (1845); Death of Admiral Coligny (1846); Charles IX. and Catharine de' Medici visiting Coligny (1849); Duke of Alva's Breakfast at Rudolstadt (1850); Wallenstein and Seni (1851); Scene from Peasants' War (1852); Death of Belshazzar; Matathias overthrowing Altar at Modin. His son Max (born in Düsseldorf, Oct. 17, 1848) is a successful genre painter, pupil of Düsseldorf Academy and of Eduard von Gebhardt, then studied in Brussels, Antwerp, Bruges, and Ghent; in 1878 visited North Italy, and in 1881 Holland. Works: Bandage Room at Gravelotte; A Point of Honour; Much Ado about Nothing; Audience at the Burgomaster's; Improvised Dinner Party; Rejected Suitor (1884).—Blanckarts, 102; Cotta's Kunstbl. (1839), 43; Kunst-Chronik, xi. 434; Meyer, Conv. Lex., xvii. 966; xx. 998; Wolfg. Müller, Düsseldf. K., 152; Zeitschr. f. b. K., xviii. 36.

VOLKMAR, ANTONIE, born in Berlin, April 24, 1827. Genre and portrait painter, pupil of Julius Schrader, and in Paris (1853-57) of Cogniet; returned to her native city, where she won immediate success; visited Italy in 1862-64. Works: Artist travelling (1847); Sale of the Last Jewel (1858); German Emigrants (1860); The new Governess (1868); Beginning of Artistic Career (1870); The Schoolmates (1880); Grandmother telling Stories, Stettin Museum.—Müller, 539.

VOLLERDT, JOHANN CHRISTIAN, born at Leipsic in 1708, died at Dresden in 1769. German school; landscape painter, pupil of Alexander Thiele in Dresden; aimed at representing atmospheric effects in the style of Christoph Ludwig Agricola. Works: Winter Landscapes (3), Landscape with River, do. with Ruins (2), Cassel Gallery; Thunderstorm, Rainbow in the Mountains, Winter in do., River Landscape in do., Schwerin Gallery.—Schlie, 671.

VOLLMER, ADOLF, born in Hamburg, Dec. 17, 1806, died there in 1875. Landscape and marine painter, pupil of Suhr, then in Altona of Rosenberg and in Copenhagen of Eckersberg; studied in Munich in 1833-39, and travelled in Tyrol and Italy. In 1866 he became blind. Works: two Views of Heligoland, Woods near Reinbeck (1831); Harbour in the Baltic (1835); Sea in approaching Storm (1837); Lagoons in Venice (1839); Hamburg Harbour (1846); Marine (1836); Stangenmühlen-Grund (1852), Hamburg Gallery; Coast on Baltic Sea (1864); The Elbe at Blankenese (1865).—Andresen, iii. 24.