Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/239
Dutch school; genre painter, painted hermits, old men and women, in a highly finished style like that of Gerard Dou, whom he closely imitated. Works: Scholar in his Study, Louvre, Paris; Hermit, Old Man in Prayer, Schoolmaster, Amsterdam Museum; St. Jerome Praying (1690), Copenhagen Gallery; St. Francis in his Hermitage, Oldenburg Gallery; Herring Seller, Hermitage, St. Petersburg.—Kugler (Crowe), ii. 412.
STEARNS, JUNIUS BRUTUS, born in Burlington, Vt., in 1810, died in Brooklyn, N. Y., Sept. 16, 1885. Portrait and figure painter. Elected N. A. in 1849. Works: Washington as a Soldier, a Statesman, a Farmer, and In Death (4 pictures), formerly in Abbott Collection in Spingler Institute, New York.
STEELL, GOURLAY, born in Edinburgh;
contemporary. Animal painter, younger
brother of Sir John Steell the sculptor.
Exhibits at the Royal Academy, London,
and at the Royal Scottish Academy, Edinburgh,
of which he is a member. He was
appointed, after the death of Landseer in
1873, animal painter in Scotland to the
Queen. Several of his pictures have been
engraved.
STEEN, JAN, born in Leyden in 1626,
died there, buried
Feb. 3, 1679.
Dutch school;
genre painter, pupil
at Utrecht of
Nicolas Knupfer,
and at the Hague
of Jan van Goyen,
whose daughter
he married in
1649; developed
under the influence of Frans Hals and Adriaan
van Ostade. Lived for some time in
Haarlem before 1648, when received into
the guild of Leyden; went to The Hague
in 1649, lived there until 1653, then again
at Leyden until 1658 or 1659. Said to have
kept a brewery at Delft, where he lived for
a short time, probably between 1650 and
1652. At various times from 1661 to 1669
he resided at Haarlem, in constant difficulties
with creditors. Probably after his father's
death, in 1669, he returned to Leyden,
where, in 1672, he applied for a license to
keep a tavern. His first wife having died
in Haarlem in 1669, he married a widow,
Maritje Herculens, in 1673. He stands foremost
among the greatest Dutch painters of
familiar life, which he illustrated with rare
mastery, lashing the follies and vices of his
day with keen satire. Works: Music Master,
National Gallery, London; Girl with
Spaniel (1663), Party of Eleven at Cards and
Music, Country People in Tavern, Twelfth
Night, Riotous Mirth before an Inn, Four
Men and a Woman at Cards, Buckingham
Palace, ib.; Fishmonger, School Room,
Bridgewater Gallery, ib.; Jovial Party in
Ale-House, Playing at Skittles, Lord Ashburton,
ib.; The Glutton (1661), A Christening,
Merry Party by Village Inn, Mr. Hope,
ib.; Family Scene, Interior, Love in the
Country, three others, Mr. Munro, ib.;
Wedding, Painter singing to his Lute, Physician
writing Prescription, School Boys
playing Tricks (1672), four others, Mr. Baring,
ib.; Physician feeling Pulse of a Girl,
Family taking Advantage of Mother's Nap,
two companion pictures with Riotous Parties,
Apsley House, ib.; Bad Company, Feast
in a Tavern (1674), Louvre, Paris; Benedicite,
Comte Henri de Greffulhe, Paris; Artist's
Portrait, Return from Festival, Woman
Scouring, A Baker, A Quack (2), St. Nicholas's
Day, Game of Tric-Trac, Peasant Wedding
(1672), Banquet, The Dupe, Dancing
Lesson, Jolly Inmates (1668), Sick Lady,
Drinking Couple, Family Scene, Orgie, Van
der Hoop Museum, Amsterdam; Eating
Oysters, Wedding (1653), Six Collection, ib.;
Artist courting Maritje Herculens, Physician
feeling Lady's Pulse, Prodigal Son, Van
Loon Collection, ib.; St. Nicholas's Day,