Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain04cham).pdf/238
STARKENBORGH, JACOBUS NICOLAAS, Baron TJARDA VAN, born at Wehe, Gröningen, in 1822. Landscape painter, self-taught; studied old Dutch masters until 1849, when he visited America. Settled in Düsseldorf in 1852, whence he made sketching tours to Thuringia, Switzerland, and England. Member of Amsterdam Academy. Medals: The Hague, 1857, Lyons, 1865. Works: Invitation to Kirmess; Harvest; Water Mill.—Müller, 502.
STAR OF EMPIRE, Emanuel Leutze,
Capitol at Washington; mural painting on
staircase landing, House of Representatives.
"Westward the star of empire takes its
way." Represents an emigrant train cross-the
Rocky Mountains. Painted in 18—,
for $20,000.
STARK, JOSEF (AUGUST), born at
Gratz, Styria, March 6, 1782, died there,
July 23, 1838. History and portrait painter,
pupil of Vienna Academy under Maurer,
then under Caucig and Lampi; became director
of the Gratz Academy in 1817, and
of the newly erected gallery in 1819. Visited
Italy in 1817 and 1826. Works: Susanna
at the Bath (1816); Maximilian I.
on the Martin Wall, Magdalen in the Desert
(1826); Cimon taking his Father's Place
in Prison (1828); Hylas and the Nymphs
(1832); Baumkirchner defending the Neustadt
Gate at Gratz in 1452, Venus, Count
Attems, Gratz; St. John the Baptist, Chapel
of the Joanneum, ib.; Christ bearing the
Cross, City Parish Church, ib.; Christ in
the Temple, Chapel of the former Ferdinandeum,
ib.—Hormayr's Archiv (1822), 696;
(1823), 724; (1827), 179; Wurzbach, xxxvi.
217.
STARNINA, GHERARDO, born in Florence
in 1354 (?), died there in 1408 (?).
Florentine school; pupil of Antonio Veneziano,
with whom he spent some years; settled
in Florence, where, in spite of rude
manners and a hot temper, he found patrons.
In 1378 he became involved in the
disturbances of the Ciompi, and fled for his
life to Spain, where he acquired wealth in
the exercise of his art. In 1387 he was
again in Florence and took the freedom of
the painters' company, appearing as Gherardo
d' Jacopo Starna. He was painting there
in 1406, after which there is no trace of him.
None of the pictures attributed to him by
Vasari remain, though some of the frescos
in the Chapel of the Duomo at Prato, a series
completed by Antonio Vite, the pupil of
Starnina, may be his work.—C. & C., Italy,
i. 493; Vasari, ed. Le Mon., ii. 177; ed.
Mil., ii. 5; Burckhardt, 491, 497.
STARVATION COVE (Bai des Todes,
Bay of Death), Julius von Payer; canvas,
H. 12 ft. × 14 ft. The final scene in Sir
John Franklin's Polar expedition; one of a
series of four pictures projected by the
painter. Seven of the last survivors lie dead
in their boat, which is seen in its whole
length in the moonlight; Captain Crozier,
the only living one, bareheaded and musket
in hand, is leaning forward fixedly watching
a bear, whose head is seen at right watching
the corpses; in the distance, two other
bears; at left, an expanse of ice. Painted
in 1883.—London Times, Jan. 29, 1884;
Kunst-Chronik, xix. 110, 123, 157; xx. 335;
Allgem. K. C., viii. 601.
STATTLER, ALBERT CORNEL, born
in Cracow in 1800, died in Rome after
1870. History and portrait painter, pupil
of Lampi in Vienna, and in 1817 of St.
Luke's Academy in Rome, where he was influenced
by Canova and Thorwaldsen, later
by Overbeck, Joseph Hyzler, and Joseph
Craffonara. Painted portraits of Czartoryski
family in Vienna; became professor in
Cracow in 1831; soon after 1850 settled in
Rome. Gold medal, Paris, 1844. Works:
Moses on Mt. Sinai, Abel, Holy Family, St.
Joachim with SS. Anna and Mary, Cracow;
Maccabees; Madonna and Angels; Madonna
di Neve; Crucifixion; Baptism of Christ;
Madonna surrounded by Angels; Holy
Family (1870); and many portraits.—Wurzbach,
xxxvii. 242.
STAVEREN, JOHAN ADRIAENSZ
VAN, born at Leyden, died there after 1668.