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in large compositions. Among his best works are: Adoration of the Shepherds, Holy Family, Vienna Museum; Jupiter and Io, Madonna Enthroned (Vierge au Donateur), and a group of portraits, Hermitage, St. Petersburg; Death of Abel, and four portraits, Palazzo Pitti, Florence; Madonna, Buda-Pesth Gallery. The identity of Schiavone and the engraver Andrea Meldolla, denied by Zani and Bartsch, has been satisfactorily proved by Ernest Hagen, of Hamburg (Kunstblatt, No. 37, 1853). His engravings (dry-point and burin on tin), generally after Parmigiano, are carelessly executed.—Ch. Blanc, École vénitienne; Vasari, ed. Mil., vi. 596; Bartsch, xvi. 31; C. & C., Titian, i. 438.

SCHIAVONE, GREGORIO, born in Dalmatia, 1st half of 15th century. Veneto-Paduan school; called Giorgio by Sansovino, and Girolamo by Ridolfi. Pupil of Squarcione; attained a certain rude freedom and boldness, but faces and forms exaggerated and unnatural. Among his best works are: Madonna with Saints, do. with Angels, National Gallery, London; Madonna, Berlin Museum.—C. & C., N. Italy, i. 342.

SCHIAVONI, FELICE, born at Trieste in 1803, died in 1868. History, genre, and portrait painter, son and pupil of Natale Schiavoni, then studied in the galleries at Milan, where he won a prize at the Academy, and at Venice and Vienna, worthily representing his famous ancestor, Andrea Sciavoni , and upholding the traditions of the old Venetian school, especially as a colourist. Member of Venice and Vienna Academies. Prize and great gold medal for art from the Emperor Nicholas of Russia. Works: Death of Raphael (for Emperor Alexander II.); Miracle of St. Anthony of Padua; St. Simon, S. Antonio, Trieste; Raphael and the Fornarina, Tosi Gallery, Venice; Cupid (for the Brera, Milan); Christ bearing the Cross; Christ Asleep; Torquato Tasso reading to Eleonora; Repose in Egypt (1824); Venus and Cupid (1832); Madonna (1854); Raphael painting the Fornarina (1861), formerly in Arthaber Collection, Vienna; Holy Family (1864). His daughters Carolina and Julia were also talented painters, the former of landscapes, the latter of history and portraits.—Illustr. Zeitg. (1868), i. 461; Wurzbach, xxix. 254.

SCHIAVONI, NATALE, born at Chioggia, April 25, 1777, died in Venice, April 15, 1858. History and portrait painter, pupil in Venice of Maggiotto; went in 1800 to Trieste, and in 1810 to Milan, where he painted Eugène Beauharnais and the whole royal family; in 1816 invited by the Emperor to Vienna, whence he returned to Venice in 1821; there studied exclusively the works of Titian and Paolo Veronese, and became professor at the Academy. Gold medal, Brussels. Works: Magdalen Penitent (1852), National Gallery, Berlin; do., Vienna Museum; Bacchante, Städel Gallery, Frankfort; Adoration of Shepherds, British Museum, London. His sons Felice (1803-68) and Giovanni (1804-48) were also able history painters, and often painted conjointly with their father. Pictures by them in the Brera Gallery, Milan, Vienna Museum, and Hermitage, St. Petersburg.—Hormayr, Archiv. (1821), No. 129; (1824), Nos. 105, 106; Jordan (1885), ii. 196; D. Kunstbl. (1851); Wurzbach, xxix. 254, 257, 258.

SCHICK, GOTTLIEB, born in Stuttgart, Aug. 15, 1779, died there, April 11, 1812. History painter, pupil of Hetsch, and greatly influenced by Dannecker; went in 1799 to Paris to study under David, returned in 1802, then studied in Rome until 1811; befriended especially by Humboldt and Josef Koch; with the latter, Carstens, and Wächter, one of the regenerators of German art. Works: Eve at a Spring, Cologne Museum; David before Saul (1803), Apollo among the Shepherds (1809), David before Saul, Bacchus and Ariadne, Portrait