Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain02cham).pdf/80

studied in Europe. Opened a studio in Boston, but, meeting with little success, removed to London. Lived in 1884 at Steyning, Sussex. Works: Noon (1872); Early Summer (1875); Scotch Hillside, On the Cam (1876); The Meadows (1877); Pastorals (1878); Pevensey Castle, Spring, Weaned Calves, Spring Labour (1879); Coast Pastures, Last of Autumn, Normandy Orchard (1880); Milking Time (1881); Sunlight and Shade, Melancholy Days, Marguerites (1882); Timber Wagon, Early Summer (1883); Sussex Pasture, Homewards (1884); Low Tide, A Sketch in Ireland, A Kerry Pastoral (1885).

FISHERS OF THE ADRIATIC, Leopold Robert, Neuchâtel Museum; canvas, dated 1834. Paturle sale (Paris, 1872), £3,320.

FITCH, JOHN L., born in Hartford, Conn., in 1836. Landscape painter, pupil in Hartford of George F. Wright; went to Europe in 1855 and studied under Albert, Max, and Richard Zimmerman in Munich and Milan. Exhibits at the National Academy, of which he is an Associate. Studio in New York since 1866. Works: Mountain Brook (1870); Outlet (1871); In the Cañon-Granville (1873); Stray Sunbeam (1875); In the Woods, Autumn (1876); Twilight on Gill's Brook (1878); Study on Long Island (1879); On Spruce Creek (1880); Study of Beeches (1881); Path near Blue Mountain Lake (1882); Study on the Croton, Pastoral (1883); Study on the Raymondskill, Neglected Road (1884).

FITGER, ARTHUR, born at Delmenhorst, Oldenburg, Oct. 4, 1840. History painter, pupil of Munich Academy, where he was much influenced by Cornelius and Genelli. In Antwerp he studied Rubens, and in Italy (1863-65) the old Venetian masters. Settled in Bremen in 1870. Works: Fisher-Boat attacked by Mermaids; German Saga on Giant's Grave; Erlking's Daughters; Procession of Witches; Waking of Barbarossa; Night and Dreams; Prodigal Son, Good Samaritan, Remberti Church, Bremen; Development of German Civilization, Rutenhof, Bremen; Brema with her Children, Feast of Bacchus, Four Praisers of Wine, Roland and Rose, Rathskeller, Bremen; Five Continents, Four Winds, Bremen's Sea-Trade (1880), Exchange, Bremen.—Müller, 175; Kunst-Chronik, x. 291, 312; xiii. 489; xiv. 569.

FLACCO. See Fiacco.

FLAGELLATION (Fr., Christ à la Colonne; Ital., Nostro Signore flagellato alla Colonna; Sp., Cristo á la columna; Ger., Geisselung Christi), the scourging of Christ previous to crucifixion (Matt. xxvii. 26; Mark xv. 15; Luke xviii. 16; John xix. 1). Sometimes called Christ at the Column.

By Murillo, Duke of Wellington, London; canvas, H. 1. ft. 4 in. × 10 in. An executioner scourges the Saviour while another prepares the crown of thorns; in background, a wall and a grated window. Three figures, full-length. Companion to Pietà, also in possession of Duke of Wellington.

Subject treated also by Sodoma, Siena Gallery; Antonello da Messina, Venice Academy; Paolo Morando, Verona Gallery; Murillo, Louvre; Gaudenzio Ferrari, S. M. delle Grazie, Milan; Sebastian del Piombo, S. Pietro in Montorio, Rome; Lodovico Carracci, Bologna Gallery; Alonso Cano, Madrid Museum; Zurbaran, Berlin Museum; David Teniers, younger, Madrid Museum; Pelegrino Tibaldi, ib.; Th. van Tulden, Brussels Museum; Fr. Vanni, Vienna Museum; Ambrogio Borgognone, Brera, Milan; Pedro Ruiz, Dresden Gallery; Joseph Heinz, ib.; Karl Lehmann, Church of St. Nicholas, Boulogne-sur-Mer; Hans Holbein, elder, Munich Gallery; Hans Holbein, younger, Basle Museum.

FLAGG, GEORGE WHITING, born at New Haven, Conn., June 26, 1816. Subject painter, pupil of his uncle, Washington Allston; later studied three years in Europe. Painted six years in London before settling finally in New York; elected N.A. in 1851. Works: Jacob and Rachel at the Well; Portrait of Mme. Pico as Cenerentola; Good Samaritan; Landing of the Atlantic Cable;