Page:Cyclopedia of painters and paintings (IA cyclopediaofpain02cham).pdf/169
Liegnitz, and in 1854 went to Berlin. Works: Mill in Silesia; Windmill; Moonlight Night in Tyrolese Alps; Tauern Mountain.
GIRTIN, THOMAS, born at Southwark,
Surrey, in 1775, died in London in 1802.
Landscape painter, one of the founders of
the English school of painting in water-colours,
and next in importance to Turner,
with whom he was intimate; exhibited at
the Royal Academy in 1794-1801. Works:
View of Bridgenorth, Great Hall in Conway
Castle, Ethel Castle, Melrose Abbey, View
of Ripon, York Cathedral, Interior of Canterbury
Cathedral, and others, British Museum,
London; Rievaulx Abbey (1798), View
on the Thames, Warkworth Hermitage,
three others, South Kensington Museum, ib.;
View of St. Asaph, Jedburgh Abbey, National
Gallery, Dublin.
Miller, Turner and Girtin's Picturesque Views (London, 1854).
GISBERT, ANTONIO, born at Alcoy,
Valencia; contemporary. History and genre
painter, pupil of Madrid Academy. Director
of S. Fernando Museum, Madrid. Medals:
Paris, 1865, 1867; Officer L. of Honour,
1870. Works: Landing of Puritans
in North America; Execution of Padilla;
Death of Don Carlos; Francis I. meeting
his Betrothed; Columbus embarking at
Palos; Paolo and Francesca; Guitar Player,
Grandfather's Birthday, Flute Player, In
the Garden, Students' Household; Modern
Paris and Three Graces (1882); Prestidigitator,
William Astor, New York.—Müller,
209.
GISLER, ÉDOUARD; contemporary.
History painter, pupil of Navez. Works:
Jeremiah on Ruins of Jerusalem (1836), St.
Gudule's, Brussels; The Virgin (1841).—Immerzeel,
i. 280.
GIULIANO, BARTOLOMMEO, born at
Susa, North Italy, in 1825. Genre and landscape
painter, professor at Milan Academy.
Works: Faust and Marguerite; Parisina;
Difficult Passage; In Thoughts; Drinking
Girl (1866).—Müller, 209.
GIULIO ROMANO, born in Rome in
1492, died in Mantua, Nov. 1, 1546. Real
name Giulio Pippi de' Giannuzzi,
but called Romano
from his birthplace. Umbrian
school; became the
assistant of Raphael when
quite young, and with Il
Fattore and Pellegrino da
Modena aided him in the
decoration of the Vatican.
He was Raphael's favourite
pupil and was, with Il
Fattore, his heir and art executor. He
painted frescos in Rome in the Villa Lanti,
in the Villa Madama, which he built, and
in Trinità de' Monti. Having fulfilled his
duties towards Raphael by finishing his
incomplete works in the Vatican, and in
painting, with Il Fattore, the Assumption
which Raphael had promised to the Convent
of Monteluce, now in the Vatican, he went
(1524) to Mantua and entered the service of
Duke Federigo Gonzaga. There he directed
works in architecture as well as in painting,
having under him many scholars and assistants.
While under Raphael's care he was a
close imitator of his style; but when left to
himself his taste soon became depraved, and
he was largely responsible for the decay of
Italian art. Among his works in Mantua
are frescos in the Palazzo del Tè, which he
built. They represent the Defeat of the
Giants, and the History of Cupid and Psyche,
the latter with a licentious freedom of treatment
which ill accords with the traditions of
the school in which he was bred. He also
painted other frescos in the Uffizio della
Scaccheria and in several churches in Mantua.
In 1546 he was chosen architect of St.
Peter's, Rome, as successor to Sansovino, and
was about to set out for that city when he
died. Among the best of his few easel pictures
are: Madonna del Bacino, Pan and the
young Olympus, Dresden Gal.; Martyrdom
of St. Stephen, S. Stefano, Genoa; Madonna,
Sacristy of St. Peter's, Rome; Julius II.
(copy of Raphael), Fornarina (copy of the