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adheres to the ancient constitution of the state, and the apostolical hierarchy of the church of England—opposed to a Whig.

Torbhee is the Irish appellation for a person who seizes by force, and without the intervention of law, what, whether really so or not, he alleges to be his property.

V. Daniel Defoe, in No 75 of Vol. VII. of his 'Review of the British Nation,' (1709) gives the following history of these terms:—

"The word Tory is Irish, and was first made use of in Ireland, in the time of Elizabeth's wars there. It signified a kind of robbers, who being listed in neither army, preyed in general upon their country, without distinction of English or Irish.

"In the Irish massacre in 1611, you had them in great numbers, assistant in every thing that was bloody and villanous, and particularly when humanity prevailed upon some of the Papists to preserve Protestant relations; these were such as chose to butcher brothers and sisters, fathers and mothers, and dearest friends and nearest relations,—and these were called Tories.

"In England, about the year 1680, a party of men appeared among us, who, though pretended Protestants, yet applied themselves to the ruin and destruction of their country. They quickly got the name of Tories.—Their real godfather, who gave them the name, was Titus Oates; and the occasion as follows: the author of this happened to be present.—There was a meeting of some people in the city, upon the occasion of the discovery of some attempt to stifle the evidence of the witnesses (about the popish plot), and tampering with Bedlow and Stephen Dugdale. Among the discourse, Mr Bedlow said, he had letters from Ireland, that there were some Tories to be brought over hither, who were privately to murder Dr Gates and the said Bedlow.

"The doctor, whose zeal was very hot, could never hear any man talk after this against the plot, or against the witnesses, but he thought he was one of these Tories, and called almost every man who opposed him in discourse a Tory; till at last the word Tory became popular, and they owned it, just as they do now the name 'high-flyer.'

"As to the word Whig, it is Scots. The use of it began there, when the western men, called Cameronians, took arms frequently for their religion. Whig was a word used in those parts for a kind of liquor the western Highlandmen used to drink, the composition of which I do not remember, but so became common to these people who drank it. These men took up arms about the year 1681, being the insurrection at Bothwell Bridge. The Duke of Monmouth, then in favour here, was sent against them by King Charles, and defeated them. At his return, instead of thanks for his good service, he found himself ill treated for using them mercifully. And Lauderdale told Charles, with an oath, that the Duke had been so civil to the Whigs, because he was a Whig himself in his heart. This made it a court word, and in a little while all the friends and followers of the duke began to be called Whigs; and they, as the other party did by the word Tory, took it freely enough to themselves." Strila.

As soon as the marriage ceremony was over, all the company shook hands with the young couple, and wished them every kind of joy and felicity. The rusticity of their benisons amused me, and there were several of them that I have never to this day been able to comprehend. As, for instance,—one wished them "thumpin luck and fat weans;" another, "a bien rannlebauks, and tight thack and rape o'er their heads;" a third gave them "a routh aumrie and a close nieve;" and the lasses wished them "as mony hiney moons as the family had fingers an' taes." I took notes of these at the time, and many more, and set them down precisely as they were spoken; all of them have doubtless meanings attached to them, but these are perhaps the least mystical.

I expected now that we should go quietly to our dinner; but instead of that, they again rushed rapidly away towards the green, crying out, "Now for the broose! now for the broose!"—"The people are unquestionably mad," said I to one that stood beside me; "are they really going to run their horses again among such ravines and bogs as these? they must be dissuaded from it." The man informed me that